Books by Church Fathers, Doctors, Saints, Notable Authors

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• Baader, Franz Xaver von

  German philosopher, born at Munich, 1765; died 23 May, 1841

• Baal, Baalim

  A word which belongs to the oldest stock of the Semite vocabulary and primarily means 'lord', 'owner'

• Baalbek

  Town in Syria; also called Heliopolis

• Babel

  The word is derived from the Babylonian bab-ilu, meaning 'gate of God'

• Babel, Tower of

  Information on the history, site, and construction of the tower

• Babenstuber, Ludwig

  German philosopher and theologian; vice-chancellor of the University of Salzburg; born 1660 at Teining in Bavaria; died 5 April, 1726, at the Benedictine monastery of Ettal

• Babinet, Jacques

  French physicist (1794-1872)

• Babylas, Saint

  Bishop of Antioch, martyr in the Decian persecution, died in prison

• Babylonia

  Includes geography, history, and biblical references

• Babylon (Title)

  The curial title of a Latin archbishopric, also of a Chaldean patriarchate, and of a Syrian archbishopric

• Baccanceld

  This meeting was rather a witenagemot, or Parliament, than an ecclesiastical synod, presided over by Wihtred, King of Kent

• Bacchus and Sergius

  Soldiers, martyred in the Diocletian persecution in about 303. Universally venerated in the East

• Bacchylus

  Bishop of Corinth

• Bachelot, Alexis John Augustine

  Prefect Apostolic of the Sandwich Islands (1796-1837)

• Bachiarius

  An early fifth-century writer, known only through two treatises which warrant the conjecture that he was a monk, possibly an abbot, and a Spaniard

• Bachmann, Paul

  Catholic theological controversialist, born at Chemnitz, Saxony, about 1466

• Backer, Augustin de

  Bibliographer, born at Antwerp, Belgium, 18 July, 1809; died at Liege, 1 December, 1873

• Backx, Peter Hubert Evermode

  Ordained priest 17 March, 1832, considered the second founder of the Norbertine Abbey of Tongerloo

• Bacon, David William

  First Bishop of Portland, Maine (1813-1874)

• Baconian System of Philosophy, The

  Essay takes a look at this system and its relation to theology and the beliefs of the Catholic church

• Bacon, John

  An English Carmelite and theologian, born towards the end of the thirteenth century

• Bacon, Nathaniel

  Better know under the assumed name of Southwell, a Jesuit priest and bibliographer, b. in the county of Norfolk, England, in 1598; d. at Rome, 2 Dec., 1676

• Bacon, Roger

  Philosopher, born at Ilchester, Somersetshire, about 1214; died at Oxford, perhaps 11 June, 1294

• Badajoz

  The Latin name Pax, or Civitas Pacensis, was given to this district because it was thought to be the Pax Julia or Pax Augusta of the Romans

• Baden

  The Grand Duchy of Baden is situated in the southwestern part of the German Empire

• Badia, Tommaso

  Cardinal, author, papal legate, born at Modena, 1483; died at Rome, 6 September, 1547

• Badin, Stephen Theodore

  Pioneer missionary priest of Kentucky (1768-1853)

• Badius, Raphael

  A Florentine Dominican of the seventeenth century

• Baegert, John Jacob

  Missionary and ethnographer (1717-1777)

• Baert, François

  Bollandist, born at Ypres, 25 August, 1651; died at Antwerp, 27 October, 1719

• Bæticus, Gregory

  Bishop of Elvira, in the province of Baetica, Spain, from which he derived his surname; d. about 392

• Bæumer, Suitbert

  Historian of the Breviary and one of the most scholarly patrologists of the nineteenth century

• Bagamoyo

  Vicariate apostolic in German East Africa, separated by a pontifical Decree of 11 May, 1906, from the Vicariate Apostolic of Northern Zanzibar

• Bagdad

  Founded on the Tigris by the second Abbaside Caliph Abou Giafar al Mansur (762 or 764) and named by him Medinet es-Selam, or City of Salvation

• Bageis

  A titular see of Lydia in Asia Minor

• Baglioni, Giovanni, Cavaliere

  Known as the 'Deaf Man of the Barozzo', a painter of distinction, b. in Rome, 1571; d. there 1644

• Bagnorea

  A diocese situated in the district of Viterbo, Italy, and immediately subject to the Holy See

• Bagot, Jean

  Theologian, born at Rennes, in France, 9 July, 1591, died at Paris, 23 August, 1664

• Bagshaw, Christopher

  Convert, priest, prisoner for the Faith, and a prominent figure in the controversies between Catholic priests and the reign of Elizabeth

• Bahama Islands, The

  The most northerly group of the West Indies

• Bailey, Thomas

  Controversialist, died c. 1657

• Baillargeon, Charles François

  A French-Canadian bishop (1798-1870)

• Baillet, Adrien

  French author (1649-1706)

• Bailloquet, Pierre

  French missionary to Canadian Indians (1612-1692)

• Baily, Thomas

  A Catholic clergyman, b. in Yorkshire, England; d. at Douai, France, 7 October, 1591

• Bainbridge, Christopher

  Archbishop of York, and Cardinal (1464-1514)

• Baines, Peter Augustine

  Titular Bishop of Siga (1787-1843)

• Baines, Ralph

  Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, England, b. at Knowsthorp, Yorks, date of birth uncertain; d. 18 November, 1559

• Baini, Abbate Giuseppe

  Composer, born in Rome, 21 October, 1775; died there 21 May, 1844

• Baithen of Iona, Saint

  Irish monk, immediate successor of St. Columba as abbot of Iona. Baithen died sometime between 598 and 600

• Baius, Michel

  Theologian and author of a system known as Baianism (1513-1589)

• Baker City, Diocese of

  Comprises Wasco, Klamath, Lake, Sherman, Gilliam, Wheeler, Morrow, Grant, Union, Crook, Umatilla, Wallowa, Baker, Harney, and Malheur counties in the State of Oregon, U.S.A

• Baker, David Augustine

  Benedictine mystic and ascetic writer (1575-1641)

• Baker, Francis Asbury

  American priest and convert (1820-1865)

• Baker, Venerable Charles

  Real name David Henry Lewis. Biography of the convert to Catholicism, who was martyred in 1679

• Bakócz, Thomas

  Cardinal and statesman, b. about 1442, in the village of Erdoed, county Szatmar, Northeastern Hungary; d. 15 June, 1521

• Balaam

  The derivation of the name is uncertain. Dr. Neubauer would connect it with the god Ammo or Ammi, as though Balaam belonged to a people whose god or lord was Ammo or Ammi

• Balanaea

  A titular see of Syria

• Balbina, Saint

  There are at least two saints of this name venerated at Rome

• Balbinus, Boleslaus

  A Jesuit historian of Bohemia (1621-1688)

• Balboa, Vasco Nuñez de

  Explorer, discoverer of the Pacific Ocean from the west coast of Central America (1475-1517)

• Balbuena, Bernardo de

  A Spanish poet, born in Val de Penas, 1568; died in Porto Rico, 1627

• Balbus, Hieronymus

  Humanist, poet, diplomatist, and Bishop of Gurk in Carinthia, b. about 1450 at Venice; d. there, probably 1535

• Baldachium of the Altar

  A dome-like canopy in wood, stone, or metal, erected over the high altar of larger churches, generally supported on four columns, though sometimes suspended by chains from the roof

• Balde, Jacob

  A German poet (1604-1668)

• Balderic

  Bishop of Dol, in France, chronicler, b. about 1050; d. 7 January, 1130

• Balderic (Baudry)

  A monk of Liege, a writer and teacher of the twelfth century, b. date unknown, at Florennes in Belgium; d. about 1157

• Baldi, Bernardino

  An Italian poet and savant, b. at Urbino, 5 June, 1553; d. at the same place, 10 October, 1617

• Baldinucci, Blessed Anthony

  Jesuit priest and missionary, preached penitence and devotion to the Virgin Mary, d. 1717

• Baldovinetti, Alesso

  A notable Florentine painter, b. in Florence, 14 October, 1427; d. there, 29 August, 1499

• Baldred, Saint

  Two saints of this name have the same feast day. One was a Celt; the other, and Englishman

• Baldung, Hans

  Known as Grien or Grun, from his fondness for brilliant green, both in his own costume and in his pictures, a vigorous and distinguished painter, engraver, and draughtsman on wood, b. at Gmund, Swabia, about 1476; d. at Strasburg, 1545

• Baldwin

  Archbishop of Trier and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, born 1285; died 1354

• Baldwin, Francis

  Jurist (1520-1573)

• Baldwin of Canterbury

  Thirty-ninth Archbishop, a native of Exeter, date of birth unknown; d. 19 Nov., 1190

• Balearic Isles

  A group in the western part of the Mediterranean belonging to Spain and consisting of four larger islands, Majorca, Minorca, Iviza, and Formentera, and eleven smaller islands of rocky formation

• Bales, Christopher, Venerable

  English priest, who was tortured and martyred less than three years after ordination. Also mentions fellow martyrs Nicholas Horner and Alexander Blake

• Ballarat

  One of the three suffragan dioceses of the ecclesiastical province of Melbourne, Australia

• Ballerini, Antonio

  Jesuit theologian (1805-1881)

• Ballerini, Girolamo and Pietro

  Celebrated theologians and canonists, the sons of a distinguished surgeon of Verona

• Ball, Mother Frances Mary Teresa

  Born in Dublin 9 January, 1794; died 19 May, 1861; foundress of the Irish Branch of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary

• Balme, Henry

  A Franciscan theologian, born at Genera, date uncertain; d. 23 February, 1439

• Balmes, Jaime Luciano

  Philosopher and publicist, b. at Vich, Spain, 28 August, 1810; d. there, 9 July, 1848

• Balsam

  Balsam is an oily, resinous, and odorous substance, which flows spontaneously or by incision from certain plants, and which the Church mixes with olive oil for use as chrism

• Balsamon, Theodore

  A canonist of the Greek Church, born in the second half of the twelfth century at Constantinople; died there, after 1195

• Baltasar

  The Greek and Latin name for Belshazzar, which is the Hebrew equivalent for Bel-sarra-usur, i.e., 'May Bel protect the king'

• Baltimore, Archdiocese of

  History includes colonial and American periods

• Baltimore, Plenary Councils of

  Provides details of three councils held in 1852, 1866, and 1884

• Baltimore, Provincial Councils of

  These councils have a unique importance for the Church in the United States, inasmuch as the earlier ones legislated for practically the whole territory of the Republic, and furnished moreover a norm for all the later provincial councils of the country

• Baltus, Jean François

  Theologian, born at Metz, 8 June, 1667; died at Reims, 9 March, 1743

• Balue, Jean

  A French cardinal, b. probably c. 1421, in Poitou; d. 5 October, 1491, at Ripatransone

• Baluze, Etienne

  French scholar and historian (1630-1718)

• Bamberg

  Includes history and statistics for the Archdiocese of Bamberg, in the kingdom of Bavaria

• Bamber, Ven. Edward

  Lancashire priest martyred in 1646

• Banaias

  The name of several men mentioned in the Bible

• Bancel, Louis

  Born at Valence, 1628; died at Avignon, 1685

• Bandello, Matteo

  Writer, born at Castelnuovo di Scrivia in Piedmont, Italy, in 1480; died Bishop of Agen, France, in 1565

• Banduri, Anselmo

  Archaeologist and numismatologist (1671-1743)

• Bañez, Domingo

  Detailed article on the Spanish Dominican theologian

• Bangor

  Diocese; anciently known as Bangor Vawr, situated in Carnarvonshire on the Menai Straits

• Bangor Abbey

  The name of two famous monastic establishments in Ireland and England

• Bangor, Antiphonary of

  The codex, found by Muratori in the Ambrosian Library at Milan

• Banim, John & Michael

  Brothers and writers from Kilkenny, Ireland

• Banjaluka

  The Diocese of Banjaluka in Western Bosnia

• Bankruptcy, Civil Aspect of

  Earlier English terms, bankruptship, bankrupture

• Bankruptcy, Moral Aspect of

  Bankruptcy must be considered not only from the legal but also from the moral point of view; for sound morality prescribes that debts must be paid

• Banns of Marriage

  In general the ecclesiastical announcement of the names of persons contemplating marriage

• Bapst, John

  Jesuit missionary and educator (1815-1887)

• Baptism

  One of the Seven Sacraments of the Christian Church; frequently called the 'first sacrament', the 'door of the sacraments', and the 'door of the Church'

• Baptismal Font

  A basin or vase, serving as a receptacle for baptismal water in which the candidate for baptism is immersed, or over which he is washed, in the ceremony of Christian initiation

• Baptismal Vows

  The name popularly given to the renunciations required of an adult candidate for baptism just before the sacrament is conferred

• Baptista Mantuanus, Blessed

  Carmelite, Renaissance poet, d. 1516

• Baptista Varani, Blessed

  Poor Clare and ascetical writer. She died in 1527

• Baptistery

  The separate building in which the Sacrament of Baptism was once solemnly administered, or that portion of the church-edifice later set apart for the same purpose

• Baptistines

  I. Hermits of St. John the Baptist. II. Missionaries of St. John the Baptist. III. Sisterhood of St. John the Baptist

• Baptists

  A Protestant denomination which exists chiefly in English speaking countries and owes its name to its characteristic doctrine and practice regarding baptism

• Barac

  The deliverer of the Israelites from the power of the Chanaanites under the judgeship of Debbora

• Baradæus, Jacob

  A Syrian Monophysite bishop, born in Tella, towards the end of the fifth or the beginning of the sixth century, died in 578

• Baraga, Frederic

  First Bishop of Marquette, Michigan, U.S.A (1797-1868)

• Barat, Madeleine-Sophie

  Founder of the Society of the Sacred Heart, d. 1865

• Barat, Nicolas

  A French Orientalist, born at Bourges during the first quarter of the seventeenth century; died in 1706 at Paris

• Barba, Alvaro Alonzo

  A secular priest and writer

• Barbalissos

  A titular see of Mesopotamia

• Barbara, Saint

  Legendary virgin and martyr, first mentioned in the early seventh century. Alleged to have died in the third or fourth century, but date is uncertain and place of martyrdom varies

• Barbarigo, Giovanni Francesco

  Italian Cardinal, nephew of Blessed Gregorio Barbarigo (1625-97), born in 1658 at Venice; died in 1730

• Barbastro

  Suffragan diocese of the Spanish province of Huesca

• Barbelin, Felix-Joseph

  Styled the 'apostle of Philadelphia', b. at Luneville, Province of Alsace, France, 30 May, 1808; d. in Philadelphia, 8 June, 1869

• Barber Family, The

  Daniel Barber, soldier of the Revolution, Episcopalian minister and convert (1756-1834) Virgil Horace Barber, son of Daniel (1782-1847)

• Barbieri, Giovanni

  A famous painter of religious subjects (1591-1666)

• Barbosa, Agostino

  A noted canonist, b. at Guimaraens, Portugal, in 1589; consecrated in Rome, 22 March, 1649, Bishop of Ugento in Otranto, Italy, died seven months later

• Barbosa-Machado, Ignacio

  A Portuguese historian, born at Lisbon in 1686; died in 1734

• Barbour, John

  Scottish ecclesiastic and author of 'The Bruce', a historical poem in the early Scottish or Northern English dialect, b. about 1320; d. 1395

• Barbus, Paulus

  Italian philosopher and theologian, died at Cremona, 4 August, 1494

• Barca

  A titular see of Cyrenaica in Northern Africa

• Barcelona

  One of the suffragan dioceses of the Archdiocese of Tarragona

• Barcelona, University of

  An outgrowth of the ecclesiastical schools founded in the eleventh century

• Barcena, Alonzo de

  A Jesuit, native of Bacza in Andalusia, Spain (1528-1598)

• Barclay, John

  Author of the political novel 'Argenis' and other Latin works in prose and verse (1582-1621)

• Barclay, William

  Scottish jurist, b. 1546; d. at Angers, France, 3 July, 1608

• Barco Centenera, Martin del

  A secular priest, in 1572 accompanied as chaplain, the expedition of Juan Ortiz de Zarate to the Rio de La Plata

• Barcos, Martin de

  French theologian of the Jansenist School (1600-1678)

• Bardesanes and Bardesanites

  Syrian Gnostic or, more correctly, a Syrian poet, astrologist, and philosopher, d. 222, at Edessa

• Bard, Henry

  An English soldier and diplomat, b. 1604; d. 1660

• Bar Hebræus

  A Jacobite Syrian bishop, philosopher, poet, grammarian, physician, Biblical commentator, historian, and theologian (1226-1286)

• Bari

  An archdiocese situated in the province of the same name, in Apulia, Southern Italy

• Barjesus

  False prophet mentioned in the New Testament

• Bar-Kepha, Moses

  Jacobite bishop and writer (813-903)

• Barkworth, Ven. Mark

  Short biography of the English convert, martyred in 1601

• Barlaam and Josaphat

  Main characters of a seventh-century Christian legend. Barlaam, a hermit, converted the prince Josaphat to Christianity, despite the efforts of Josaphat's father Abenner to prevent such a thing. Although Barlaam and Josaphat are included in the Roman Martyrology and in the Greek calendar, the story is actually a Christianized version of a legend about Buddha

• Barletta, Gabriel

  Sometimes called Barlete, De Barolo, or Barolus

• Barlings, Abbey of

  Founded in 1154 in honour of Our Lady by Ralph de Haye who had given some lands to the Abbot of Newhouse

• Barlow, Ven. Edward Ambrose

  Short biography of the Benedictine priest, martyred at Lancaster in 1641

• Barlow, William Rudesind

  Third son of Sir Alexander Barlow of Barlow Hall, date of birth uncertain; d. at Douai, 19 Sept., 1656

• Barnabas of Terni

  Friar Minor and missionary, d. 1474 or 1477

• Barnabas, Saint

  Originally Joseph, styled an Apostle in Holy Scripture, and, like St. Paul, ranked by the Church with the Twelve, though not one of them

• Barnabas, The Epistle of

  Contains no clue to its author nor to those for whom it was intended

• Barnabites

  The popular name of a religious order which is canonically known by the title, given to it by Pope Paul III in 1535, of Regular Clerics of St. Paul

• Baroccio, Federigo

  Italian painter and engraver (1528-1612)

• Barocco Style

  A debased application to architecture of Renaissance features

• Baron, Bonaventura

  Irish Franciscan theologian, philosopher, and writer of Latin prose and verse (1610-1696)

• Baronius, Venerable Cesare

  Cardinal and ecclesiastical historian (1538-1607)

• Baron, Vincent

  Dominican theologian and preacher (1604-1674)

• Barquisimeto

  Diocese in Venezuela, South America

• Barradas, Sebastião

  A Portuguese exegete and preacher, born at Lisbon in 1543; died at Coimbra in 1615

• Barral, Louis-Mathias, Count de

  Archbishop of Tours, France, born 26 April, 1746, at Grenoble; died 7 June, 1816, at Paris

• Barrande, Joachim

  French palaeontologist (1799-1883)

• Barrasa, Jacinto

  Born at Lima, Peru, early in the seventeenth century; died there, 22 Nov., 1704

• Barre, Antoine-Lefebvre, Sieur de la

  Tenth French Governor-General of Canada, b. at Paris in 1622; d. in 1690

• Barreira, Balthasar

  A Portuguese Jesuit missionary, born at Lisbon, 1531; died 1612

• Barrientos, Lopez de

  Spanish Dominican bishop, patriot, and diplomat (1382-1469)

• Barron, Edward

  Irish missionary (1801-1854)

• Barros, João de

  Historian, b. in Portugal, 1496; d. 20 October, 1570

• Barrow, John

  Priest, descended from a family of stanch Catholic yeomen (1735-1811)

• Barrow, William, Venerable

  An English Jesuit martyr, born in Lancashire, in 1609, died 30 June, 1679

• Barruel, Augustin

  Controversialist and publicist, born at Villeneuve de Berg (Ardeche); 2 October, 1741; died at Paris, 5 October, 1820

• Barry, John

  U.S. Navy Captain (1745-1803)

• Barry, John

  Second Bishop of Savannah (1799-1859)

• Barry, Patrick

  Horticulturist (1816-1890)

• Barry, Paul de

  A member of the Society of Jesus, born at Leucate in 1587; died at Avignon, 28 July, 1661

• Barthélemy, Jean-Jacques

  French numismatologist and writer, b. at Cassis (Provence), 1716; d. in Paris, 1795

• Barthel, Johann Caspar

  A German canonist (1697-1771)

• Bartholi, Francesco della Rossa

  Friar Minor and chronicler, died c. 1372

• Bartholomaeus Anglicus

  Thirteenth-century Franciscan encyclopedist

• Bartholomew

  Also called Bartholomaeus Parvus (the Little), born at Bologna, year not known; died 15 August, 1333

• Bartholomew of Braganca

  Born about 1200; died 1 July, 1271

• Bartholomew of Braga, Venerable

  Born at Verdela, near Lisbon, May, 1514; died at Viana, 16 July, 1590

• Bartholomew of Brescia

  Italian canonist, b. probably in the second half of the twelfth century at Brescia; d. 1258

• Bartholomew of Edessa

  Syrian apologist and polemical writer

• Bartholomew of Lucca

  Historian, b. about 1227 at Lucca; d. about 1327

• Bartholomew of Pisa

  Friar Minor and chronicler

• Bartholomew of San Concordio

  Canonist, and man of letters, b. at San Concordia, near Pisa about 1260; d. at Pisa, 11 June, 1347

• Bartholomew, Saint

  Mentioned in the lists of apostles in the Synoptic Gospels and in Acts, thought to be identical with Nathaniel (mentioned only in the Gospel of John)

• Bartholomew's Day Massacre, Saint

  This massacre of which Protestants were the victims occurred in Paris on 24 August, 1572 (the feast of St. Bartholomew), and in the provinces of France during the ensuing weeks, and it has been the subject of knotty historical disputes

• Bartholomites

  The name given to Armenian monks who sought refuge in Italy after the invasion of their country by the Sultan of Egypt in 1296

• Bartoli, Daniello

  Historian and litterateur, born at Ferrara, 12 February, 1608; died in Rome, 12 January, 1685

• Bartolocci, Giulio

  A Cistercian monk and learned Hebrew scholar, b. at Celleno in the old kingdom of Naples, 1 April, 1613; d. at Rome, 19 October, 1687

• Bartolommeo, Fra

  Italian Dominican painter (1475-1517)

• Bartolozzi, Francesco

  An engraver, etcher, and painter, b. at Florence, 1727; d. at Lisbon, 1815

• Barton, Elizabeth

  Born probably in 1506; executed at Tyburn, 20 April, 1534; called the 'Nun of Kent'

• Baruch

  The disciple of Jeremiah, and the traditional author of the deuto-canonical book, which bears his name

• Barzynski, Vincent

  Polish-American priest (1838-1899)

• Basilians

  Priests of the Community of St. Basil

• Basilica

  The term can indicate either the architectural style of a church, or its canonical status

• Basilides

  The earliest of the Alexandrian Gnostics, a native of Alexandria and flourished under the Emperors Adrian and Antoninus Pius, about 120-140

• Basilides

  Martyrs bearing this name are mentioned in the old martyrologies on three different days, namely, on 10, 12, and 28 June

• Basilinopolis

  A titular see of Asia Minor

• Basilissa

  Several saints of this name appear in martyrologies. Next to nothing is known about any of them except place of martyrdom, and sometimes the names of their spouses or companions in martyrdom

• Basil, Liturgy of Saint

  Several Oriental liturgies, or at least several anaphoras, have been attributed to the great St. Basil, Bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia from 370 to 379

• Basil of Amasea

  Bishop and Martyr

• Basil of Seleucia

  Bishop and ecclesiastical writer, date of birth uncertain; d., probably, between 458 and 460

• Basil, Rule of Saint

  St. Basil drew up his Rule for the members of the monastery he founded about 356 on the banks of the Iris in Cappadocia

• Basil the Great, Saint

  Biographical article on the Bishop of Caesarea, who is one of the Cappadocian Fathers, Doctor of the Church, and brother of St. Gregory of Nyssa

• Basins, Ecclesiastical Use of

  Extensively used in the Jewish Ritual and were in early use in Christian churches for ablutions and to receive lamp-drippings

• Basle, Council of

  Convoked by Pope Martin V in 1431, closed at Lausanne in 1449

• Basle-Lugano

  Composed of the two Dioceses of Basle and Lugano which are united only by having a bishop in common

• Bas-relief

  A sculpture executed upon and attached to a flat surface

• Bassein

  The birthplace of St. Gonsalo Garcia, the only Indian saint, who was a companion of St. Philip de las Casas, the first native of America to be canonized

• Bassett, Joshua

  Convert and controversialist, Master of Sidney Sussex College, born about 1641, at Lynn Regis, where his father was a merchant; died in London, in 1720

• Bassianus

  Bishop of Ephesus (444-448)

• Bassi, Matthew of

  Founder of the Capuchins (1495-1552)

• Bastiat, Claude-Frédéric

  A French economist, b. at Mugron, a small city in the Department of Landes, 29 June, 1801; d. at Rome, 24 December, 1850

• Baston, Guillaume-André-Réné

  A French theologian, b. at Rouen, 29 November, 1741; d. at Saint-Laurent, 26 September, 1825

• Basutoland

  A mountainous district of South Africa, bounded on the north and west by the Orange River Colony, on the easy by Natal, and on the south by Cape Colony

• Batavia

  Vicariate Apostolic of Batavia

• Bath Abbey

  The first religious house in Bath was a monastery of nuns founded by King Osric, A.D. 676

• Bath and Wells

  Ancient diocese coextensive with the county of Somerset, England

• Bathe, William

  Irishman, Jesuit, wrote educational books on music and language. He died in 1614

• Bathilde, Saint

  A runaway slave who became the wife of King Clovis II. Upon widowhood, she founded monasteries and proved herself a capable regent. She died in 680

• Bathurst

  Diocese situated in New South Wales, Australia, in the ecclesiastical Province of Sydney

• Battaglini, Marco

  A historian of the councils, b. at Rimini, Italy, 25 March, 1645; d. at Cesena, 19 September, 1717

• Batteux, Charles

  Abbe and writer on philosophy and aesthetics, b. near Vouziers, France, 6 May, 1713; d. at Paris, 14 July, 1780

• Battista, Giovanni Giuda Giona

  Original name, Jehuda Jona Ben-Isaac

• Battle Abbey

  Founded by William the Conqueror on the site of the Battle of Senlae or Hastings (1066)

• Bauberger, Wilhelm

  German physician, novelist, and poet, b. at Thannhausen in Swabian Bavaria, 3 March, 1809; d. at the same place, 8 February, 1883

• Baudeau, Nicolas

  Regular Canon and economist, b. at Amboise, France, 25 April, 1730; d. in 1792

• Baudouin, Michel

  Italian missionary born 1692. Entered the Society of Jesus in France at the age of twenty-one, arrived in Louisiana in 1728

• Baumgartner, Alexander

  Swiss poet and writer (1841-1910)

• Baumgartner, Gallus Jacob

  A Swiss statesman, b. 18 October, 1797, at Altstaetten, Switzerland; d. 12 July, 1869, at St. Gallen

• Baunard, Louis

  Educator, b. at Bellgarde (Loiret), France, in 1828

• Bauny, Etienne

  Theologian, b. in 1564 at Mouzon, Ardennes, France; d. 3 December, 1649, at Saint Pol de Leon

• Bausset, Louis-François de

  A French cardinal, writers, and statesman (1748-1824)

• Bautain, Louis-Eugène-Marie

  Philosopher and theologian (1796-1867)

• Bautista, Fray Juan

  Franciscan, who taught theology and metaphysics at the convent of St. Francis of Mexico

• Bavaria, The Kingdom of

  Named after the German tribe called Boiarii

• Bawden, William

  An English Jesuit, born at Cornwall, 1563; died at St.-Omer, 28 September, 1632

• Bayer, Adèle

  Eldest daughter of Andrew Parmentier, b. in Belgium, 4 July, 1814, and d. in Brooklyn, New York, 22 January, 1892

• Bayeux

  Coextensive with the Department of Calvados, is suffragan to the Archbishopric of Rouen

• Bayeu y Subias, Francisco

  Born at Saragossa, 9 March, 1734; died Madrid, 4 August, 1795, a distinguished religious and historical painter

• Bayley, James Roosevelt

  First Bishop of Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.; eighth Archbishop of Baltimore, Maryland (1814-1877)

• Baylon, Saint Pascal

  Aragonese Franciscan lay brother, d. 1592

• Bayma, Joseph

  Jesuit mathematician and scientist (1816-1892)

• Bayonne

  Diocese comprising the Department of Basses-Pyrenees

• Baysio, Guido de

  An Italian canonist, b. about the middle of the thirteenth century of a noble Ghibelline family; d. at Avignon, 10 August, 1313

• Bazin, John Stephen

  Third Bishop of Vincennes (now the Diocese of Indianapolis) (1796-1848)

• Beads, Use of, at Prayers

  Essay on chaplets, rosaries, prayer ropes, prayer cords. Brief treatment of the use of beads in prayer by non-Christians

• Beards

  Among the Jews, as among most Oriental peoples, the beard was especially cherished as a symbol of virility; to cut off another man's beard was an outrage

• Beardsley, Aubrey

  Biography of the daring English illustrator

• Beatification and Canonization

  According to some writers the origin in the Catholic Church is to be traced back to the ancient pagan apotheosis

• Beatific Vision

  The immediate knowledge of God which the angelic spirits and the souls of the just enjoy in Heaven

• Beatitudes, Mount of

  Name given to the place where the 'Sermon on the Mount', was delivered

• Beatitudes, The Eight

  The solemn blessings which mark the opening of the Sermon on the Mount

• Beaton, David

  Cardinal, Archbishop of St. Andrews, b. 1494; d. 29 May, 1546

• Beaton, James

  Scottish Archbishop (1473-1539)

• Beaton, James

  Archbishop of Glasgow (1517-1603)

• Beatrix

  Brief biographies of seven saints or beatae named Beatrix or Beatrice. One of them, Beatrix da Silva, has since been canonized

• Beaufort, Lady Margaret

  Countess of Richmond and Derby, b. 1441; d. 1509, daughter and heiress of John Beaufort, first Duke of Somerset

• Beaulieu Abbey

  A Cistercian house in Hampshire, one of the three monasteries founded by King John (c. 1204) and peopled by thirty monks from Citeaux

• Beaune, Renaud de

  A French Bishop, b. in 1527, at Tours; d. 1606 in Paris

• Beauregard, Jean-Nicolas

  French pulpit orator (1733-1794)

• Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant

  Soldier, b. near New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., 28 May, 1818; d. there 20 February, 1893

• Beauvais

  A suffragan diocese of the archiepiscopal See of Reims

• Beauvais, Gilles-François-de

  Jesuit writer and preacher, born at Mans, France, 7 July, 1693; died probably at Paris about 1773

• Beauvais, Jean-Baptiste-Charles-Marie de

  A French bishop, b. at Cherbourg, 17 October, 1731; d. at Paris, 4 April, 1790

• Bébian, Roch-Amboise-Auguste

  Sent to France, committed to the care of his godfather, the Abbe Sicard, the well-known educator of the deaf and dumb

• Bec, Abbey of

  The Benedictine Abbey of Bec, or Le Bec, in Normandy, was founded in the earlier part of the eleventh century by Herluin, a Norman knight who about 1031 left the court of Count Gilbert of Brionne to devote himself to a life of religion

• Becan, Martin

  Controversialist, born at Hilvarenbeck, Brabant, Holland, 6 January, 1563; died at Vienna, 24 January, 1624

• Beccaria, Giovanni Battista

  Physicist (1716-1781)

• Beccus, John

  Patriarch of Constantinople in the second half of the thirteenth century, one of the few Greek ecclesiastics who were sincerely in favour of reunion with the Church of Rome

• Beche, Blessed John

  Benedictine abbot. When Beche refused to grant that the king had any authority to confiscate St. John's Abbey, Colchester, he was thrown in the Tower on charges of treason. Though weak, he gained the crown of martyrdom in 1539

• Beckedorff, George Philipp Ludolf von

  Studied theology at Jena, then medicine at Goettingen, obtained the degree of doctor in 1799

• Becker, Thomas Andrew

  Sixth Bishop of Savannah, Georgia, U.S.A

• Becket, Saint Thomas

  Biography of this martyr, also known as St. Thomas of Canterbury, where he was archbishop and where he was murdered in 1170

• Beckx, Pierre-Jean

  Twenty-second General of the Society of Jesus, born at Sichem, Belgium, 8 February, 1795; died at Rome, 4 March, 1887

• Becquerel, Antoine-César

  French physicist, b. at Chatillon-sur-Loing (Loiret), 7 March, 1788; d. at Paris, 18 January, 1878

• Bédard, Pierre

  French-Canadian lawyer and member of the Assembly of Lower Canada, b. at Charlesbourg near Quebec, 13 November, 1762; d. at Three Rivers, 26 April 1829

• Bede

  The old English word bede (Anglo-Saxon bed) means a prayer, though the derivative form, gebed, was more common in this sense in Anglo-Saxon literature

• Bede, The Venerable

  Benedictine monk, priest, historian, Doctor of the Church, d. 735

• Bedford, Gunning S.

  Medical writer and teacher (1806-1870)

• Bedford, Henry

  Writer and educator (1816-1903)

• Bedingfeld, Frances

  Superioress of the English Institute of Mary (1616-1704)

• Bedingfeld, Henry, Sir

  Knight; b. 1509; d. 1583

• Bedini, Cajetan

  Italian Cardinal and diplomat (1806-1864)

• Bedlam

  A London hospital originally intended for the poor suffering from any ailment and for such as might have no other lodging, hence its name, Bethlehem, in Hebrew, the 'house of bread.'

• Beelen, Ian Theodor

  Exegete and Orientalist (1807-1884)

• Beelphegor

  The Moabite divinity who ruled over Phogor

• Beelzebub

  Provides an Old and a New Testament definition

• Beesley, George, Venerable

  English priest and martyr, died 1591

• Beethoven, Ludwig van

  Composer (1770-1827)

• Begnudelli-Basso, Francesco Antonio

  A canonist who lived at the end of the seventeenth century

• Beguines & Beghards

  As early as the commencement of the twelfth century there were women in the Netherlands who lived alone, and without taking vows devoted themselves to prayer and good works

• Behaim, Albert von

  Known also as Albertus Bohemus

• Behaim, Martin

  A German cartographer and navigator (1459-1507)

• Beirut

  In Phoenicia, a titular Latin see, and the residential see of several prelates of Oriental rites

• Beja

  Diocese in Portugal, suffragan of Evora

• Belasyse, John

  Born about 1614; died 1689, a loyal Catholic English nobleman, second son of Thomas first Lord Fauconberg. His mother was Barbara, daughter of Sir Henry Cholmondeley of Roxby, Yorkshire

• Belchiam, Venerable Thomas

  A Franciscan martyr in the reign of Henry VIII, date of birth uncertain; d. 3 August 1537

• Belem do Pará, Archdiocese of

  In South America, formerly (after 4 March, 1719) a suffragan diocese of Bahia (San Salvador), but raised to metropolitan rank 3 May, 1906

• Belfry

  The upper part of the tower or steeple of a church, for the reception of the bells; or a detached tower containing bells, as the campanile of the Italians

• Belgium

  Information on the history, education, and cemeteries of the country

• Belgrade and Smederevo

  Titular (united) sees of Servia

• Belgrado, Giacopo

  Italian Jesuit and natural philosopher (1704-1789)

• Belial

  Found frequently as a personal name in the Vulgate and various English translations of the Bible, is commonly used as a synonym of Satan, or the personification of evil

• Belief

  That state of the mind by which it assents to propositions, not by reason of their intrinsic evidence, but because of authority

• Belin, Albert (Jean)

  French prelate and writer, b. in Besancon early in the seventeenth century; d. 29 April, 1677

• Bellamy, Jerome

  A sympathizer with Mary Queen of Scots

• Bellarini, John

  Barnabite theologian, b. at Castelnuovo, Italy, in 1552; d. at Milan, 27 August, 1630

• Bellarmine, St. Robert

  Biographical article on the Jesuit theologian and cardinal

• Bell, Arthur, Venerable

  Friar Minor and English martyr (1590-1643)

• Bellasius, Edward

  Serjeant-at-Law, b. 14 October, 1800; d. 24 January, 1873

• Bellecius, Aloysius

  Jesuit ascetic author, born at Freiburg im Breisgau, 15 February, 1704; died at Augsburg, 27 April, 1757

• Bellenden, John

  A Scotch poet, b. at Haddington or Berwick in the latter part of the fifteenth century; d. at Rome, c. 1587

• Belleville

  Diocese comprising part of southern Illinois

• Belley

  Coextensive with the civil department of Ain and a suffragan of the Archbishopric of Besancon

• Bellings, Sir Richard

  Irish historian, b. near Dublin early in the seventeenth century; d. in 1677

• Bellini

  Giacomo (Jacopo) Bellini, father of Gentile and Giovanni Bellini. Teacher of his sons who were the chief founders of the Venetian school of painting

• Bell, James

  Ordained priest in Mary's reign, served the Established Church under Queen Elizabeth, but returned to the Catholic Church and became a missionary. He was martyred along with a layman, John Finch, in 1584

• Belloy, Jean-Baptiste de

  Cardinal-Archbishop of Paris (1709-1808)

• Bells

  Article covers origin, benediction, uses, archaeology and inscriptions, and points of law

• Belluno-Feltre

  Anciently called Bellunum, the metropolis of the province of that name in Venetia, Italy, is situated on a hill between the torrent of Ardo and the River Piave

• Belmont, François Vachon de

  Fifth superior of the Sulpicians at Montreal, b. at Grenoble, France, 1645; d. 1732

• Belson, Venerable Thomas

  Brief profile of the English martyr, who was executed with George Nicols and Richard Yaxley in 1589

• Belsunce de Castelmoron, Henri François Xavier de

  Bishop of Marseilles (1671-1755)

• Belzoni, Giambattista

  An Egyptian explorer, b. at Padua, Italy, in 1778. d. Gato, Africa, 3 Dec., 1823

• Bembo, Pietro

  Italian scholar and Cardinal, b. of a noble family at Venice, 20 May, 1470; d. at Rome, 18 January, 1547

• Benadir

  Prefecture Apostolic in Africa

• Bénard, Laurent

  Chief founder of the Maurist Congregation of the Benedictine Order, b. at Nevers, 1573; d. at Paris, 1620

• Benavides, Fray Alonzo

  Archbishop of Goa in the Portuguese Indies

• Bench, Communion

  An adaptation of the sanctuary guard or altar rail

• Benda

  A titular see of Albania

• Benedictbeurn, Abbey of

  Tradition, as well as manuscripts dating as far back as the tenth century, ascribe its foundation in the year 740, to three brothers of noble birth, named Lanfrid, Wulfram, and Eliland, acting under the influence of St. Boniface, who was then preaching the Faith in Bavaria

• Benedict Biscop, Saint

  Anglo-Saxon, monastic founder, d. 690

• Benedict III, Pope

  Date of birth unknown; d. 17 April, 858

• Benedict II, Saint, Pope

  A Roman, he was pope for a little less than eleven months, and died in 685. Account of his pontificate

• Benedicti, Jean

  A Franciscan theologian of the sixteenth century belonging to the Observantine Province of Tours and Poitiers

• Benedictine Order

  Comprises monks living under the Rule of St. Benedict, and commonly known as 'black monks'

• Benedictional

  A book containing a collection of benedictions or blessings in use in the Church

• Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament

  Description of the basics of this popular devotion. Benediction is unusual in that it is a devotional practice partly governed by liturgical law

• Benedict I, Pope

  A Roman and the son of Boniface, and was called Bonosus by the Greeks

• Benedict IV, Pope

  A Roman and the son of Mammalus, became pope in the first half of 900

• Benedict IX, Pope

  The nephew of his two immediate predecessors

• Benedict Joseph Labre, Saint

  Frenchman, longed to be a monk but spent the last thirteen years of his life as a pilgrim. He died in 1783

• Benedict Levita

  Benedict Levita (of Mainz), or Benedict the Deacon, is the name given to himself by the author of a forged collection of capitularies which appeared in the ninth century

• Benedict, Medal of

  A medal, originally a cross, dedicated to the devotion in honour of St. Benedict

• Benedict of Aniane, Saint

  St. Benedict was a Goth, served in the Frankish court, then became a Benedictine monk. His monastery of Aniane was the model for monastic reform in France and the Empire. He died in 821

• Benedict of Nursia, Saint

  Long article on the founder of Western monasticism, and on his Rule

• Benedict of Peterborough

  Abbot and writer, place and date of birth unknown; d. 1193

• Benedict of San Philadelphio, Saint

  Also known as Benedict the Moor. Born in Italy to Christian slaves from Ethiopia, St. Benedict joined an association of hermits, and when that was dissolved, became a Franciscan Recollect

• Benedict, Rule of Saint

  Lengthy article on the text of the Rule and its composition, some analysis, and practical application

• Benedictus Polonus

  A medieval Friar Minor missionary and traveller (c. 1245)

• Benedictus, The

  One of the three great canticles in the opening chapters of this Gospel, the other two being the Magnificat and Nunc dimittis

• Benedict VIII, Pope

  The first of the Tusculan popes. Date of birth unknown; d. 9 April, 1024

• Benedict VII, Pope

  Date of birth unknown; d. c. October, 983

• Benedict VI, Pope

  Benedict, Cardinal-Deacon of St. Theodore, a Roman and the son of Hildebrand, was elected as the successor of John XIII

• Benedict V, Pope

  Date of birth unknown; died 4 July, 965

• Benedict X

  The bearer of this name was an antipope in the days of Nicholas II, 1056-61

• Benedict XIII, Pope

  Reigned 1724-1730

• Benedict XII, Pope

  Third of the Avignon popes (1334-1342)

• Benedict XI, Pope

  Elected unanimously, author of Scriptural commentaries, d. 1304

• Benedict XIV, Pope

  Reigned 1740-58

• Benefice

  Popularly the term is often understood to denote either certain property destined for the support of ministers of religion, or a spiritual office or function, such as the care of souls

• Benefit of Clergy

  The exemption from the jurisdiction of the secular courts, which in England, in the Middle Ages, was accorded to clergymen

• Benettis, Jeremiah

  Friar Minor Capuchin and historical writer, d. in 1774

• Benevento, Archdiocese of

  The principal city of the province of the same name in Campania

• Bengtsson, Jöns Oxenstjerna

  Archbishop of Upsala, Sweden, b. 1417; d. in 1467

• Bengy, Anatole de

  A martyr of the French Commune (1824-1871)

• Benignus of Dijon, Saint

  Third-century martyr

• Benignus, Saint

  Known as 'Patrick's psalm-singer,' Irish missionary, musician, bishop, legislator, d. 467

• Benin

  Vicariate Apostolic on the coast of Benin

• Benjamin

  The youngest son of Jacob born of Rachel

• Benkert, Franz Georg

  German theologian and historical writer (1790-1859)

• Benno II

  Bishop of Osnabrueck

• Benoît, Michel

  Born at Autun (or Dijon), France, 8 October, 1715; died at Peking, 23 October, 1774, a Jesuit scientist, for thirty years in the service of Kien Lung, Emperor of China

• Benthamism

  Article on Jeremy Bentham, English jurist and reformer. Features biographical information and a short bibliography

• Bentivoglio, Family of

  Originally from the castle of that name in the neighbourhood of Bologna, Italy. They claimed descent from Enzio (c. 1224-72), King of Sardinia, a natural son of Frederick II

• Bentley, John Francis

  English architect (1839-1902)

• Bentney, William

  An English Jesuit priest born in Cheshire, 1609; died 30 October, 1692

• Benziger, Joseph Charles

  Founder of the Catholic publishing house that bears his name (1762-1841)

• Benzoni, Girolamo

  Writer, born at Milan about 1519

• Berach, Saint

  A disciple of St. Kevin. Abbot of Cluain Coirpthe, now called Kilbarry or Termonbarry in the saint's honor. St. Berach died in 595

• Berardi, Carbo Sebastiano

  Canonist (1719-1768)

• Berard of Carbio, Saint

  Franciscan martyr, d. 1220

• Bérault-Bercastel, Antoine Henri de

  A writer of church history, b. 22 November, 1720, at Briey, Lorraine; d. about 1794 at Noyon, France

• Bercharius, Saint

  Abbot of Hautvillers, founder, stabbed to death by one of his monks in 696

• Bercheure, Pierre

  French Benedictine (1290-1362)

• Berchmans, Saint John

  Biography of this Jesuit, always pious, who died in 1621 at the age of 22

• Berchtold, Blessed

  Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of Engelberg in Switzerland, died 1197

• Berengarius of Tours

  Born at Tours about 999; died on the island of St. Cosme, near that city, in 1088

• Bérenger, Pierre

  A French writer who flourished about the middle of the twelfth century

• Berenice

  A titular see of Egypt which was situated at the end of Major Syrtis where Bengazi stands today

• Bergamo

  The city, called by the ancients Bergonum, is capital of the province of that name in Lombardy

• Bergen, Ancient See of

  The diocese included the Provinces of Nordre and Sondre Bergenhus, and the district of Sondmor in the Province of Romsdal

• Bergier, Nicolas-Sylvestre

  French theologian (1715-1790)

• Berington, Charles

  Titular Bishop of Hiero-Caesarea, b. at Stock, Essex, England, 1748; d. 8 June, 1798

• Berington, Joseph

  Catholic writer (1743-1827)

• Berin, Saint

  Confessor, first Bishop of Dorchester, Apostle of Wessex, d. 650

• Berisford, Humphrey

  Confessor c. 1588

• Berissa

  A titular see of Pontus Polemoniacus, in Asia Minor

• Beristain y Martin de Souza, José Mariano

  Mexican bibliographer, b. in Puebla, Mexico, 22 May, 1756; d. at Mexico, 23 March, 1817

• Berlage, Anton

  Dogmatic theologian (1805-1881)

• Berland, Pierre

  Archbishop of Bordeaux (1375-1457)

• Berlanga, Fray Tomás de

  Bishop of Panama, b. at Berlanga in Spain, date uncertain; d. there 8 August, 1551

• Berlin

  Capital of the German Empire and of the Kingdom of Prussia

• Berlioz, Hector

  French composer (1803-1869)

• Bernal, Agostino

  Spanish theologian (1587-1642)

• Bernard, Alexis-Xyste

  Bishop of St. Hyacinth

• Bernard, Claude

  French ecclesiastic (1588-1641)

• Bernard, Claude

  French physiologist (1813-1878)

• Bernard Guidonis

  Bishop and Inquisitor (1261-1331)

• Bernardine of Feltre, Blessed

  Italian Franciscan missionary, died 1494. Of little note as an author. Best remembered for his monti di pieta, a type of charitable lender similar to pawnbrokers

• Bernardine of Fossa, Blessed

  Italian Franciscan, missionary, historian, biographer, d. 1503

• Bernardine of Siena, Saint

  Biography of the Franciscan missionary, reformer, popular preacher, peacemaker, called 'the Apostle of Italy,' who died in 1380

• Bernardines, The

  Title of certain sisters of the order of Citeaux who at the end of the sixteenth and in the seventeenth century, made energetic efforts to restore the primitive observance of their rule

• Bernard of Besse

  Friar Minor and chronicler, a native of Aquitaine, date of birth uncertain

• Bernard of Bologna

  Friar Minor Capuchin and Scotist theologian, born at Bologna, 17 December, 1701; died 19 February, 1768

• Bernard of Botone

  Generally called Parmensis from his birthplace, Parma in Italy, a noted canonist of the thirteenth century

• Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint

  Article on the life and works of this twelfth-century Cistercian and Doctor of the Church

• Bernard of Cluny

  A Benedictine monk of the first half of the twelfth century, poet, satirist, and hymn-writer, author of 'On the Contempt of the World'

• Bernard of Compostella

  A canonist of the early thirteenth century

• Bernard of Luxemburg

  Dominican theologian, controversialist, and Inquisitor (d. 1535)

• Bernard of Menthon, Saint

  Archdeacon of Aosta, preacher, founder of two hospices for travelers in dangerous Alpine passes (now named the Great St. Bernard and Little St. Bernard, after him), d. 1008

• Bernard of Pavia

  Canonist and bishop (d. 1213)

• Bernard, Saint

  Soldier, monk, abbot, Archbishop of Vienne, d. 842

• Bernard Tolomeo, Saint

  Italian hermit, monastic founder, d. 1348

• Berne

  Article provides religious and historic information

• Bernier, Etienne-Alexandre

  French Bishop (1762-1806)

• Berni, Francesco

  An Italian comic poet, b. at Lamporecchio (Florence) 1497 or 1498; d. at Florence, 26 May, 1535

• Bernini, Domenico

  Son of Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

• Bernini, Giovanni Lorenzo

  Italian architect and sculptor (1598-1680)

• Bernini, Giuseppe Maria

  A Capuchin missionary and Orientalist, b. near Carignan in Piedmont; d. in Hindustan in 1753

• Bernis, François-Joachim-Pierre de

  A French cardinal and statesman, b. 1715 at Saint-Marcel-d'Ardeche; d. at Rome, 1794

• Berno

  Apostle of the Obotrites, in the latter half of the twelfth century

• Berno (Abbot of Reichenau)

  Famous as orator, poet, philosopher, and musician, born (date unknown) at Prum near Trier; d. 7 June, 1048

• Bernold of Constance

  Historian and theologian, b. in Swabia about 1054; d. at Schaffhausen, 16 September, 1100

• Bernward, Saint

  Bishop of Hildesheim, d. 1022

• Beroea

  A titular see of Macedonia, at the foot of Mount Bermios

• Berosus

  The name of a native historian of Babylonia and a priest of the great god Bel (Bel-Marduk)

• Beroth

  A city in Chanaan, one of the confederation of cities under the headship of Gabaon

• Berrettini, Pietro

  Italian painter, architect, and writer, b. at Cortona, in Tuscany, 1 November, 1596; d. at Rome, 16 May, 1669

• Berruguete, Alonso

  For his mastery of the arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture, sometimes called the Spanish Michelangelo, b. at Paredes de Nava, in Castile, about 1480; d. at Toledo, 1561

• Berruyer, Isaac-Joseph

  Entered the Society of Jesus in 1697. Wrote 'A History of the People of God,' published in three parts

• Berryer, Pierre-Antoine

  French advocate, orator, and statesman (1790-1868)

• Bersabee

  A town on the southern extremity of Palestine

• Bertha

  Brief biographies of five holy women of this name: two saints; two beatae; and one Bertha who is commonly called a saint but there is no evidence of a cultus surrounding her

• Berthier, Guillaume-François

  A Jesuit professor and writer, born at Issoudun, 1704; died at Bourges, 1782

• Berthold

  Bishop, Apostle of the Livonians, killed 24 July, 1198, in a crusade against the pagan Livonians who threatened destruction to all Christians that lived in their territory

• Berthold of Chiemsee

  German bishop and theological writer (1465-1543)

• Berthold of Henneberg

  Archbishop and Elector of Mainz, b. 1441; d. 21 December, 1504

• Berthold of Ratisbon

  Franciscan of the monastery of that city and the most powerful preacher of repentance in the thirteenth century, b. about 1210; d. at Ratisbon, 14 December, 1272

• Berthold of Reichenau

  Benedictine monk and chronicler of the Abbey of Reichenau on the Lake of Constance; d. probably in 1088

• Berti, Giovanni Lorenzo

  Italian theologian, b. 28 May, 1696, at Sarravezza, Tuscany; d. 26 March, 1766, at Pisa

• Bertinoro

  Anciently called Forum Truentinorum, and, at the time of the Gothic war, Petra Honorii, whence the present name, is a small city in Romagna, province of Forli, Italy

• Bertin, Saint

  Monk living under the Rule of St. Columban, missionary to the Morini, monastic founder, abbot of St. Omer, d. about 709

• Bertonio, Ludovico

  Italian missionary (1552-1625)

• Bertrand, Louis, Saint

  Spanish Dominican novicemaster and preacher, d. 1581

• Bertrand, Pierre

  Article covers a French Cardinal, theologian, and canonist, b. 1280 at Annonay in Vivarais, and a French cardinal, nephew of the foregoing, whose name he adopted, b. in 1279, at Colombier in Vivarais

• Bertulf, Saint

  Converted to Christianity from paganism, entered the monastery of Luxeuil under the Rule of St. Columban, became abbot of Bobbio, was staunchly anti-Arian, d. 639 or 640

• Bérulle, Pierre de

  Cardinal, and founder of the French congregation of the Oratory (1575-1629)

• Bervanger, Martin de

  A French priest, founder of charitable institutions (1795-1865)

• Besançon

  Archdiocese coextensive with the departments of Doubs, Haute-Saone, and the district of Belfort

• Besange, Jerome Lamy, O.S.B

  Born at Linz, 1726; died 1781

• Beschefer, Theodore

  Jesuit missionary in Canada (1630-1711)

• Beschi, Costanzo Giuseppe

  Though primarily a missionary, better know as one of the classical writers of Tamil literature (1680-1746)

• Beseleel

  Describes two people known by this name

• Besoigne, Jérôme

  A Jansenist writer, b. at Paris, 1686; d. 1763

• Besoldus, Christopher

  A German jurist and publicist (1577-1638)

• Bessarion, Johannes

  Article on this 15th-century Byzantine scholar, by U. Benigni

• Bessel, Johann Franz

  Benedictine, abbot, and historian (1672-1749)

• Beste, Henry Digby

  Miscellaneous author (1768-1836)

• Bestiaries

  Medieval books on animals, in which the real or fabulous characteristics of actually existent or imaginary animals (such as the griffin, dragon, siren, unicorn, etc.) were figuratively treated as religious symbols of Christ, the devil, the virtues and vices

• Betanzos, Fray Domingo

  A Dominican missionary, d. at Valladolid, Sept., 1549

• Betanzos, Fray Pedro de

  A Franciscan missionary, b. at Betanzos in Galicia; d. at Chomez, Nicaragua, 1570

• Betanzos, Juan de

  Composed the first catechism known in the Quichua language

• Bethany

  A village of Palestine

• Bethany Beyond the Jordan

  In the text of St. John's Gospel, i, 28, the author locates the event of Our Lord's baptism by St. John the Baptist at Bethany across the Jordan and there is herein a celebrated variant

• Betharan

  A city of the Amorrhites in the valley-plain east of the Jordan

• Bethdagon

  Name of two cities in Palestine

• Bethel

  An ancient Canaanitish town

• Bethlehem

  Titular see of Palestine

• Bethlehem

  Birthplace of Jesus

• Bethlehem

  An architectural term used in the Ethiopic Church for the oven or bakehouse for baking the Korban or Eucharistic bread

• Bethlehemites

  Military and hospitaller orders

• Bethsaida

  Details the city, pool, and titular see of this name

• Bethsan

  A city within Issachar, but assigned to Manasses, later Scythopolis, now the village Beisan

• Bethulia

  The city whose deliverance by Judith, when besieged by Holofernes, forms the subject of the Book of Judith

• Betrothal

  In the Catholic Church, a deliberate and free, mutual, true promise, externally expressed, of future marriage between determinate and fit persons

• Bettiah

  Prefecture Apostolic in northern India

• Betting

  Defined as the backing of an affirmation or forecast by offering to forfeit, in case of an adverse issue, a sum of money or article of value to one who, by accepting, maintains the opposite and backs his opinion by a corresponding stipulation

• Beugnot, Auguste-Arthur, Count

  French historian and statesman (1797-1865)

• Beuno, Saint

  Welsh, said to have been educated at Bangor and, after ordination, to have become a missionary. Abbot of Clynnog, and uncle of St. Winifred. Died perhaps in 660

• Beverley Minster

  A collegiate church at Beverley, capital of the East Riding of Yorkshire, served by a chapter of secular canons until the Reformation

• Beyerlinck, Lawrence

  Belgian theologian and ecclesiastical writer (1578-1627)

• Bezae, Codex

  Greek, New Testament manuscript

• Bianchi, Giovanni Antonio

  Friar Minor and theologian (1686-1768)

• Bianchini, Francesco

  A student of the natural sciences, and historian (1662-1729)

• Bianchini, Giuseppe

  Italian Oratorian, Biblical, historical, and liturgical scholar (1704-1764)

• Bianconi, Charles

  Merchant and philanthropist (1785-1875)

• Biard, Pierre

  Jesuit missionary, born at Grenoble, France, 1576; died at Avignon, 17 November, 1622

• Bibbiena

  Bernardo Dovizi, an Italian Cardinal and comedy-writer, known best by the name of the town Bibbiena, where he was born 4 Aug., 1470; d. at Rome, 9 Nov., 1520

• Bibiana, Saint

  Female Roman martyr, d. 483 at the latest. Also called Vibiana

• Bible, Coptic Versions of the

  At least parts of Scripture were translated into all four dialects of the Coptic language, though there is some debate about which of the Coptic versions is oldest

• Bible, Editions of the

  Includes Hebrew and Greek editions

• Bible, Inspiration of the

  Covered in four sections, I. Belief in Inspired books; II. Nature of Inspiration; III. Extent of Inspiration; IV. Protestant Views on the Inspiration of the Bible

• Bible, Manuscripts of the

  Manuscripts are written, as opposed to printed, copies of the original text or of a version either of the whole Bible or of a part thereof

• Bible Societies

  Established for the purpose of publishing and propagating the Bible in all parts of the world

• Bibles, Picture

  In the Middle Ages the Church made use of pictures as a means of instruction, to supplement the knowledge acquired by reading or oral teaching

• Bibles, Rhymed

  Short article on rhymed versions of the Bible, which are almost always psalters or only part of the Psalms

• Bible, The

  A collection of writings recognized as inspired

• Bible, Versions of the

  Article on versions of the Bible in the original languages and in translation. Grouped by source

• Biblia Pauperum

  A collection of pictures representing scenes from Jesus' life with the corresponding prophetic types

• Biblical Commission, The

  A committee of cardinals at Rome who, with the assistance of consultors, have to secure the observance of the prescriptions contained in the Encyclical 'Providentissimus Deus' for the proper interpretation and defence of Sacred Scripture

• Biblical Introduction

  Designates the part of Scriptural science which is concerned with topics preliminary to the detailed study and correct exposition of Holy Writ, and also, it is given to a work in which these various topics are actually treated

• Bickell, Gustav

  Orientalist (1838-1906)

• Bickerdike, Robert, Venerable

  Short biography of the sixteenth-century martyr, a layman from Yorkshire

• Bicknor, Alexander

  Archbishop of Dublin, date of birth unknown; d. 1349

• Bidermann, James

  Poet and theologian (1578-1639)

• Biel, Gabriel

  Lengthy article on the last of the Scholastics. Biel, the first professor of theology at Tuebingen, was a nominalist. He died in 1495

• Biella

  The city of Biella, the see of the diocese of that name, is an important industrial centre (anciently called Bugelia) of Piedmont, Italy, in the province of Novara

• Bielski, Marcin

  Polish chronicler (1495-1575)

• Bienville, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de

  French Governor of Louisiana and founder of New Orleans (1680-1767)

• Bigamy (in Canon Law)

  Canonically viewed, bigamy denotes (a) the condition of a man married to two real or interpretative wives in succession, and as a consequence (b) his unfitness to receive, or exercise after reception, tonsure, minor and sacred orders

• Bigamy (in Civil Law)

  In civil jurisprudence, and especially in criminal law, is a 'formal entering into of a marriage while a former one remains un-dissolved'

• Bigne, Marguerin de la

  French theologian and patrologist, b. about 1546 at Bernieres-le-Patry, Normandy; d. about 1595

• Billart, Saint Julie

  Biographical article on the founder of the Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur. She died in 1816

• Billick, Eberhard

  German theologian, opponent of the Reformation, born 1499 or 1500 at Cologne; died there 12 January, 1557

• Billuart, Charles René

  Dominican preacher, controversialist, and theologian (1685-1757)

• Billy, Jacques de

  French patristic scholar, theologian, jurist, linguist, and a Benedictine abbot (1535-1581)

• Bilocation

  Latin bis, twice, and locatio, place

• Bination

  The offering up of the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass twice on the same day by the same celebrant

• Biner, Joseph

  Canonist, historian, and theologian (1697-1766)

• Binet, Etienne

  Jesuit author, born at Dijon, France, 1569; died at Paris, 1639

• Binet, Jacques-Philippe-Marie

  French mathematician and astronomer (1786-1856)

• Binius, Severin

  Historian and critic (1573-1641)

• Binterim, Anton Joseph

  A theologian of repute and for fifty years parish priest of Bilk (1779-1855)

• Biology

  The science on life and living organisms

• Biondo, Flavio

  Italian archaeologist and historian (1388-1463)

• Biot, Jean-Baptiste

  Physicist and mathematician (1774-1862)

• Birds (in Symbolism)

  The dove, eagle, pelican, phoenix, and peacock are included

• Biretta

  A square cap with three ridges or peaks on its upper surface, worn by clerics of all grades from cardinals downwards

• Birkowski, Fabian

  Polish preacher, b. at Lemberg, 1566; d. at Cracow, 1636

• Birmingham

  One of the thirteen dioceses erected by the Apostolic Letter of Pius IX, 27 September, 1850, which restored a hierarchy to the Catholic church in England

• Birnbaum, Heinrich

  Carthusian monk, b. in 1403; d. 19 February, 1473

• Birtha

  A titular see of Osrhaene

• Birth, The Defect of

  Illegitimacy, a canonical impediment to ordination

• Bisarchio, Diocese of

  Situated in Sardinia, in the province of Sassari, district of Nuoro, and suffragan to the Archdiocese of Sassari

• Bishop

  The title of an ecclesiastical dignitary who possesses the fullness of the priesthood to rule a diocese as its chief pastor, in due submission to the primacy of the pope

• Bishop's Crook

  The Pastoral Staff is an ecclesiastical ornament which is conferred on bishops at their consecration and on mitred abbots at their investiture, and which is used by these prelates in performing certain solemn functions

• Bishop, William

  The first superior in England in episcopal orders since the old hierarchy died out in the reign of Elizabeth, born c. 1553 at Brailes in Warwickshire, where his family continued to reside until recent times; d. 16 April, 1624

• Bismarck, Diocese of

  In North Dakota, this diocese was erected on 31 December, 1909, and is suffragan to the Archdiocese of St. Paul, Minnesota

• Bisomus

  A tomb large enough to contain two bodies

• Blackburne, Robert

  An English Catholic who suffered imprisonment in the closing years of the seventeenth, and during the earlier half of the eighteenth, centuries; died in 1748

• Black Fast, The

  This form of fasting, the most rigorous in the history of church legislation, was marked by austerity regarding the quantity and quality of food permitted on fasting days as well as the time wherein such food might be legitimately taken

• Blackfoot Indians

  An important tribe of the Northern Plains, constituting the westernmost extension of the great Algonquian stock

• Blackwood, Adam

  Author, b. at Dunfermline, Scotland, 1539; d. 1613

• Blaise, Saint

  Bishop of Sebaste, martyr, d. about 316

• Blanc, Anthony

  Fifth Bishop, and first Archbishop, of New Orleans, La., U.S.A (1792-1860)

• Blanchard, Jean-Baptiste

  French Jesuit and educator (1731-1797)

• Blanchet, Augustin Magloire

  Brother of Francois Norbert Blanchet, first Bishop of Walla Walla-Nesqually, State of Washington, U.S.A (1797-1887)

• Blanchet, Franç Norbert

  Missionary and first Archbishop of Oregon City, U.S.A (1795-1883)

• Blandina, Saint

  Virgin and martyr, d. at Lyons in 177

• Blane, Saint

  Nephew of St. Cathan. Blane studied in Ireland under SS. Comgall and Kenneth, became a monk, went to Scotland, became a bishop of the Picts, died 590

• Blasphemy

  Signifies etymologically gross irreverence towards any person or thing worthy of exalted esteem

• Blastares, Matthew

  A monk of the Order of St. Basil, living in the fourteenth century, who applied himself to the study of theology and canon law

• Blathmac, Saint

  Irish monk, martyred at Iona in about 835. In Latinized form, he is sometimes called Florentius. His life was written in Latin hexameter by Strabo

• Blemmida, Nicephorus

  A learned monk and writer of the Green Church, b. about 1198, at Constantinople; d. 1272

• Blenkinsop

  Details of four people with this name

• Blessed Sacrament, Congregation of the

  A cloistered Dominican congregation devoted to the perpetual adoration of the Blessed Sacrament

• Blessed Sacrament, Exposition of the

  A manner of honouring the Holy Eucharist, by exposing it, with proper solemnity, to the view of the faithful in order that they may pay their devotions before it

• Blessed Sacrament, Reservation of the

  The practice of preserving after the celebration of the Liturgy a portion of the consecrated elements for the Communion of the sick or for other pious purposes. The extreme antiquity of such reservation cannot be disputed

• Blessed Sacrament, Sisters of the

  Founded in 1889 by Katharine Drexel

• Blessed Sacrament, The

  Since Christ is present under the appearances of bread and wine in a sacramental way, the Blessed Eucharist is unquestionably a sacrament of the Church

• Blessed Sacrament, Visits to the

  A devotional practice of relatively modern development, honoring the Real Presence of Christ

• Blessed, The

  Beatification is a permission for public worship restricted to certain places and to certain acts

• Blessed Virgin Mary, The

  The Blessed Virgin Mary is the mother of Jesus Christ, the mother of God

• Blessing

  Aspects discussed are, I. Antiquity; II. Minister; III. Objects; IV. Efficacy; and V. Rite employed in administering

• Blind, Education of the

  Includes statistics and history

• Blois

  Coextensive with the civil department of Loir-et-Cher and a suffragan of Paris

• Blomevenna, Peter

  Carthusian, b. at Leyden, in Holland in 1466; d. 30 September, 1536

• Blood Indians

  A group of North American aborigines forming part of the Blackfeet Tribe, which, with the Apapahoes and Cheyennes, constitute the Western division of the Algonquin family

• Blosius, François-Louis

  A Benedictine abbot and spiritual writer, born at Donstienne, near Liege, Flanders, 1506; died at Liessies, 1566

• Bluetooth, Harold

  Son of King Gorm the Old of Denmark (911-986)

• Blyssen, Heinrich

  Principal work, 'De uno geminoque sacrae eucharistiae synaxeos salubriter percipiendae ritu ac usu' was published (Ingolstadt, 1585) when he was provincial of Austria

• Blyth, Francis

  English Carmelite, reviser of the Douay Bible, born c. 1705; d. in London, 11 December 1772

• Bobadilla, Nicolaus

  The last survivor of the seven first companions of Ignatius of Loyola (1511-1590)

• Bobbio, Abbey and Diocese of

  Suffragan to the Archiepiscopal See of Genoa

• Boccaccino

  Italian painter, b. at Cremona, 1460, and d. probably in 1525 rather than in 1518, the date usually given

• Boccaccio, Giovanni

  Biography and overview of the author's major works

• Böcken, Placidus

  A German Benedictine, canonist, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Salzburg (1690-1752)

• Bocking, Edward

  English Benedictine, b. of East Anglian parentage, end of fifteenth century; d. 20 April, 1534

• Bodey, Ven. John

  Short biography of the English layman and martyr, who died in 1583

• Bodin, Jean

  Article by Georges Goyau. Notes the philosopher's relation to the political and religious order of his time

• Bodone

  A titular see of Albania

• Boece, Hector

  Chronicler and one of the founders of the University of Aberdeen, b. at Dundee c. 1465; d. 1536

• Boeri, Petrus

  A french benedictine canonist and bishop, b. during the first quarter of the fourteenth century at Laredorte

• Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus

  Article with a focus on Boethius as a theologian

• Bogotá

  Capital of the republic of Colombia

• Bohemia

  Crown province of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which until 1526 was an independent kingdom

• Bohemian Brethren

  'Bohemian Brethren' and 'Moravian Brethren' are the current popular designation of the Unitas Fratrum founded in Bohemia in 1457, renewed by Count Zinzendorf in 1722

• Bohemians of the United States

  Religious dissensions at the beginning of the seventeenth century induced many to leave their native country and cross the ocean

• Boiano

  Diocese in the province of Benevento, Italy, suffragan to the Archbishopric of Benevento

• Boiardo, Matteo Maria

  An Italian poet, b. about 1434, at, or near, Scandiano (Reggio-Emilia); d. at Reggio, 20 December, 1494

• Boileau-Despréaux, Nicholas

  French poet (1636-1711)

• Boise

  Diocese created by Leo XIII, 25 August, 1893

• Boisgelin, Jean de Dieu-Raymond de Cucé de

  French prelate and cardinal (1732-1804)

• Boisil, Saint

  Abbot of Melrose, renowned for prophetic gifts, taught St. Cuthbert. St. Boisil died in 664

• Bois-le-Duc

  Diocese lies within the Dutch province of Brabant, and is suffragan to Utrecht

• Bokenham, Osbern

  English Augustinian friar and poet, b. 1393, d. probably in 1447

• Bolanden, Conrad von

  A German novelist, son of a rich merchant, b. 9 August, 1828, at Niedergeilbach, a village of the Palatinate

• Bolgeni, Giovanni Vincenzo

  Theologian and controversialist (1733-1811)

• Bolivia

  Includes history, geography, education, church, and government information

• Bollandists, The

  An association of ecclesiastical scholars engaged in editing the Acta Sanctorum

• Bollig, Johann

  Orientalist, born near Dueren in Rhenish Prusia 23 August, 1821; died at Rome in 1895

• Bologna

  The principal city in the province of the same name, Italy

• Bologna, Giovanni da

  Flemish Renaissance sculptor, b. at Douai, in Flanders, about 1524; d. at Florence in 1608

• Bologna, University of

  A tradition of the thirteenth century attributed the foundation of this university to Theodosius II (433); but this legend is now generally rejected

• Bolsec, Jérôme-Hermès

  A theologian and physician, b. probably at Paris, date unknown; d. at Lyons c. 1584

• Bolton, Edmund

  Historian, antiquary, and poet, born c. 1575; died c. 1633

• Bolzano, Bernhard

  Austrian mathematician and philosopher, b. at Prague, 5 October, 1781; d. 18 December, 1848

• Bombay

  The Archdiocese of Bombay comprises the Island of Bombay with several outlying churches in the neighbouring Island of Salsette

• Bommel, Cornelius Richard Anton van

  Bishop of Liege, born at Leyden, in Holland on 5 April, 1790; died 7 April 1852

• Bona, Giovanni

  Cardinal and author (1609-1674)

• Bonagratia of Bergamo

  Friar Minor, theologian, and canonist, date of birth unknown; d. at Munich, 1343

• Bonald, Louis-Gabriel-Ambroise, Vicompte de

  French statesman, writer, and philosopher (1754-1840)

• Bonald, Louis-Jacques-Maurice de

  Cardinal, b. at Millau, in Rouergue, 30 October, 1787, d. at Lyons, 25 Feb., 1870

• Bonal, François de

  Bishop of Clermont, b. 1734 at the castle of Bonal, near Agen; d. at Munich, 1800

• Bonal, Raymond

  French theologian and founder of the Congregation of the Priests of St. Mary

• Bona Mors Confraternity, The

  Founded 1648, in the Church of the Gesu, by Father Vincent Carrafa, seventh General of the Society of Jesus, and approved by the Sovereign Pontiffs Innocent X and Alexander VII

• Bonaparte, Charles-Lucien-Jules-Laurent

  Prince of Canino and Musignano, and ornithologist (1803-1857)

• Bonaventure, College of Saint

  At Quaracchi, near Florence, Italy, famous as the centre of literary activity in the Order of Friars Minor, was founded 14 July, 1879, by Mgr. Bernardino del Vago, Archbishop of Sardis, then minister general of the order

• Bonaventure, Saint

  Biobibliographical essay on the Franciscan theologian and Doctor of the Church, d. 1274

• Boncompagni, Balthasar

  Italian mathematician (1821-1894)

• Bonet, Juan Pablo

  Spanish priest and one of the first to give attention to the education of the deaf and dumb, b. towards the end of the sixteenth century

• Bonet, Nicholas

  Friar Minor, theologian, and missionary, date of birth uncertain; d. 1360

• Bonfrère, Jacques

  Biblical scholar, born at Dinant, Belgium, 12 April, 1573; died at Tournai, 9 May, 1642

• Boniface Association

  The object of the association is to maintain what the Catholic church possesses in those regions where Catholics are few in number, to found and support missions and schools, and to erect churches, parish-houses, and schools for Catholics in the Protestant parts of Germany

• Boniface III, Pope

  Roman elected to succeed Sabinian after an interregnum of nearly a year; he was consecrated 19 February, 607; d. 12 November of the same year

• Boniface II, Pope

  Elected 17 September, 530; died October, 532

• Boniface I, Pope Saint

  Consecrated the same day as the antipope Eulalius. Both were ordered to leave Rome. Eulalius took over St. John Lateran on Holy Saturday, after which the emperor refused to consider his claim. Boniface died in 422

• Boniface IV, Pope Saint

  Transformed the Pantheon into a Christian church, died in 615

• Boniface IX, Pope

  Elected at Rome, 2 November, 1389, as successor of the Roman Pope, Urban VI; d. there, 1 October, 1404

• Boniface of Savoy

  Forty-sixth Archbishop of Canterbury and son of Thomas, Count of Savoy, date of birth uncertain; d. in Savoy, 14 July, 1270

• Boniface, Saint

  Born Winfrid, a native of England, Benedictine monk, the Apostle of Germany, martyred in 755

• Boniface VII, Antipope

  Roman and son of Ferrucius; was intruded into the Chair of St. Peter in 974; reinstalled 984; died July, 985

• Boniface VIII, Pope

  Born at Anagni about 1235; died at Rome, 11 October, 1303

• Boniface VI, Pope

  A Roman, elected in 896 by the Roman faction in a popular tumult, to succeed Formosus

• Boniface V, Pope

  A Neapolitan who succeeded Deusdedit after a vacancy of more than a year; consecrated 23 December, 619

• Boni Homines

  This name was popularly given to at least three religious orders in the Church

• Bonizo of Sutri

  Bishop of Sutri in Central Italy, in the eleventh century

• Bonnard, Ven. Jean Louis

  Short biography of the French missionary priest and martyr, d. 1852

• Bonnechose, Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de

  Cardinal and senator, b. at Paris, 1800; d. 1883

• Bonne-Espérance, The Abbey of

  Situated near Binche, province of Hainault, Diocese of Tournai, Belgium

• Bonner, Edmund

  Bishop of London, b. about 1500; d. 1569

• Bonnetty, Augustin

  French writer, b. at Entrevaux 9 May, 1798, d. at Paris, 26 March, 1879

• Bonn, University of

  An academy founded at Bonn in 1777 by Max Friedrich, Prince-Archbishop of Cologne

• Bonosus

  Bishop of Sardica, a heretic in the latter part of the fourth century

• Bon Secours, Institutes of

  Congregations of nursing sisters whose object is to take care of both rich and poor patients in their own homes

• Bonvicino, Alessandro

  Italian painter of the sixteenth century, born at Brescia about 1498; died at the same place, 1555

• Book of Common Prayer

  Includes history and contents

• Book of Kells

  An Irish manuscript containing the Four Gospels, a fragment of Hebrew names, and the Eusebian canons, known also as the 'Book of Columba'

• Book of Martyrs, Foxe's

  Protestant martyrology, from Wyclif to Cranmer, illustrated with woodcuts. The author was a controversialist sympathetic to John Knox

• Books, Index of Prohibited

  The exact list or catalogue of books, the reading of which was once forbidden to Catholics by the highest ecclesiastical authority

• Bordeaux

  Archdiocese; comprises the entire department of the Gironde and was established conformably to the Concordat of 1802

• Bordeaux, University of

  Founded during the English domination, under King Henry VI, in 1441

• Bordone, Cavaliere Paris

  Painter of the Venetian school (1500-1570)

• Boré, Eugène

  French Orientalist (1809-1878)

• Borgess, Caspar Henry

  Third Bishop of Detroit, Michigan (1824-1890)

• Borgia, Stefano

  Italian cardinal, theologian, antiquarian, and historian (1731-1804)

• Börglum, Ancient See of

  In Denmark, included the ancient districts of Vendsyssel and Thy

• Borgognone, Ambrogio

  Italian painter and architect, b. Milan, c. 1455, d. at Milan, 1523

• Borgo San-Donnino

  Diocese in the province of Parma, Italy

• Borgo San-Sepolcro

  Diocese situated in the province of Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy

• Borie, Pierre-Rose-Ursule-Dumoulin

  Short biography of the nineteenth-century French missionary priest and martyr

• Borneo

  Includes history of Dutch and British rule

• Borras, Francisco Nicolás

  Spanish painter, born at Cocentaina, 1530; died at Gandia, 1610

• Borromeo, Andrea

  An Italian missionary, born on the first half of the seventeenth century, at or near Milan; died in 1683

• Borromeo, Federico

  Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan, cousin and successor of St. Charles Borromeo (1564-1631)

• Borromeo, Saint Charles

  Biographical article on the Archbishop of Milan, Cardinal, a leading light of the Catholic Reformation

• Borromeo, Society of Saint Charles

  A German Catholic association for the encouragement and diffusion of edifying, instructive, and entertaining literature

• Borromini, Francesco

  Architect and sculptor; born 25 September, 1599, at Bissone; died by his own hand 1 August, 1667, at Rome

• Borrus, Christopher

  Missionary, mathematician, and astronomer (1583-1632)

• Bosa, Diocese of

  In the province of Cagliari

• Bosch, Peter van der

  Bollandist, born at Brussels, 19 October, 1686; died 14 November, 1736

• Bosco, Saint Giovanni (John)

  Commonly called Don Bosco or John Bosco. Founder of the Salesians, d. 1888

• Boscovich, Ruggiero Giuseppe

  Detailed article by Adolf Muller on the Jesuit mathematician and philosopher

• Bosio, Antonio

  Known as 'The Columbus of the Catacombs', b. in the island of Malta about the year 1576; d. 1629

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  Together, form the northwestern corner of the Balkan Peninsula

• Boso

  First Bishop of Merseburg, in the present Prussian Province of Saxony, and Apostle of the Wends, d. November, 970

• Boso (Breakspear)

  Third English Cardinal, date of birth uncertain, d. at Rome, about 1181

• Bossuet, Jacques-Bénigne

  French bishop and orator (1627-1704)

• Bossu, Jacques le

  French theologian and Doctor of the Sorbonne, born at Paris 1546; died at Rome 1626

• Boste, Saint John

  Or John Boast. Priest, martyred at Durham in 1594. One of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales

• Boston

  Archdiocese; comprises Essex, Middlesex, Suffolk, Norfolk, and Plymouth counties in the State of Massachusetts, U.S.A

• Bostra

  Titular see of Syria

• Bothrys

  A titular see situated in Phoenicia

• Botticelli, Sandro

  Florentine painter (1447-1510)

• Botulph, Saint

  Or Botolph. Founder and abbot of Icanhoe, d. about 680

• Boturini Benaducci, Lorenzo

  Native of Milan who went to Mexico in 1736 by permission of the Spanish government and remained there eight years, familiarizing himself with the Nahuatl or Mexican language

• Boucher, Pierre

  Born at Lagny, a village near Mortagne in the Perche, France, 1622, died at Boucherville, 1717

• Bougaud, Louis-Victor-Emile

  Bishop of Laval in France (1823-1888)

• Bougeant, Guillaume-Hyacinthe

  French Jesuit (1690-1743)

• Bouhours, Dominique

  French Jesuit author (1632-1702)

• Bouillart, Jacques

  Benedictine monk of the Congregation of St. Maur (1669-1726)

• Bouillon, Cardinal de

  French prelate and diplomat (1643-1715)

• Bouix, Marie Dominique

  French canonists (1808-1870)

• Boulainvilliers, Henri, Count of

  One of the first French historians to write the history of the institutions or fundamental laws of the nation (1658-1722)

• Boulanger, André de

  French monk and preacher, b. at Paris in 1578; d. 27 September, 1657

• Boulay, César-Egasse du

  French historian, b. in the beginning of the seventeenth century at Saint-Ellier; d. 16 October, 1678

• Boulogne, Etienne-Antoine

  French bishop, b. at Avignon, 26 December 1747; d. at Troyes, 13 March, 1825

• Bouquet, Martin

  Benedictine of the Congregation of St.-Maur (1685-1754)

• Bouquillon, Thomas

  Belgian theologian and professor of moral theology in the Catholic University of America (1840-1902)

• Bourassé, Jean-Jacques

  Archaeologist and historian (1813-1872)

• Bourchier, Thomas

  Cardinal, born 1406; died 1486

• Bourdaloue, Louis

  French Jesuit preacher (1632-1704)

• Bourdeilles, Hélie de

  Archbishop of Tours and Cardinal, b., probably, towards 1323; d. 5 July, 1484

• Bourdon, Jean

  First engineer-in-chief and land-surveyor in the colony of New France, and the first attorney-general of the Conseil Superieur (1612-1668)

• Bourgade, François

  French missionary and philosopher (1806-1866)

• Bourges

  Coextensive with the departments of Cher and Indre

• Bourget, Ignace

  First Bishop of Montreal and titular Archbishop of Marianopolis (1799-1885)

• Bourgoing, François

  Third Superior general of the Congregation of the Oratory in France and one of the en early companions of Cardinal de Berulle, the founder of the French Oratorians (1585-1662)

• Bourke, Ulick Joseph

  Irish scholar and writer (1829-1887)

• Bourne, Gilbert

  Last Catholic Bishop of Bath and Wells, England, son of Philip Bourne of Worcestershire, date of birth unknown; d. 10 Sept., 1569

• Bouvens, Charles de

  French pulpit orator, b. at Bourg in 1750; d. in 1830

• Bouvet, Joachim

  Jesuit missionary (d. 1732)

• Bouvier, Jean-Baptiste

  Bishop of Le Mans, theologian (1783-1854)

• Bouvier, Jeanne-Marie, de La Motte-Guyon

  Essay on the life, experiences, and teachings of this seventeenth-century French mystic

• Bova

  Situated in the civil province of Reggio, in Calabria, Italy, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Reggio

• Bovino

  Diocese in the province of Foggia, Italy, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Benevento

• Bowyer, Sir George

  Baronet, English writer on jurisprudence, as well as a prominent defender of the Holy See and of Catholic interests in general (1811-1883)

• Boy-Bishop

  The custom of electing a boy-bishop on the feast of St. Nicholas dates from very early times, and was in vogue in most Catholic countries, but chiefly in England

• Boyce, John

  Novelist, lecturer, and priest, well known under the assumed name of 'Paul Peppergrass' (1810-1864)

• Boycotting

  Practice named after Captain Boycott, against whom this form of ostracism had great effect

• Boyle Abbey

  Irish Cistercian house

• Bracken, Thomas

  Poet, journalist, politician (1843-1898)

• Bracton, Henry de

  English juridical writer, born probably in King John's reign and died about four years before the close of that of Henry III

• Bradley, Denis Mary

  First Bishop of Manchester, New Hampshire, U.S.A (1846-1903)

• Bradshaigh, Edward

  An English Carmelite friar known in religion as Elias a Jesu; b. in Lancashire, England, early in the seventeenth century; d. at Benfold, 25 September, 1652

• Bradshaw, Henry

  English Benedictine and poet, b. in the City of Chester, England, date unknown; d. 1513

• Brady, William Maziere

  Ecclesiastical writer, b. in Dublin, 8 January, 1825; d. in Rome, 19 March, 1894

• Braga, Archdiocese of

  Situated between the rivers Este and Cavado, in the province of Minho, in the Kingdom of Portugal

• Braga, Councils of

  Offers details of several councils held here

• Bragança-Miranda, Diocese of

  Situated in the northeastern part of the Kingdom of Portugal, in the civil province of Tras-os-Montes

• Brahminism

  Religion and social system which grew out of the polytheistic nature-worship of the ancient Aryan conquerors of northern India

• Braille, Louis

  French educator and inventorof the system of writing in raised or relief points for the blind (1809-1852)

• Bralion, Nicolas de

  French Oratorian and ecclesiastical writer, born at Chars-en-Vexin, France, c. 1600; died at Paris, 11 May 1672

• Bramante, Donato

  Italian architect and painter, b. about 1444 at Monte Asdrualdo; d. in Rome, 11 March, 1514

• Brancaccio

  An ancient and illustrious Neapolitan family, from which the 'Brancas' of France were descended

• Brancati di Lauria, Francesco Lorenzo

  Cardinal, Minor conventual, and theologian (1612-1693)

• Brancati, Francesco

  Jesuit missionary to China (1607-1671)

• Branch Sunday

  One of the medieval English names for Palm Sunday

• Brandenburg

  Formerly an electoral principality, and a diocese in the heart of the present Kingdom of Prussia

• Branly, Edouard

  Nineteenth century French physicist

• Brantôme, Seigneur de Bourdeille, Pierre de

  French writer of memoirs, b. in 1539, or a little later; d. 15 July, 1614

• Brant, Sebastian

  Short biography of the German humanist and poet

• Brasses, Memorial

  Earliest existing dated examples are of the thirteenth century

• Brasseur de Bourbourg, Charles Etienne, Abbé

  Born at Bourbourg, France, 1814; died at Nice in January, 1874

• Brassicanus, Johann Alexander

  German humanist, born probably at Cannstatt, 1500; died at Vienna, 25 November, 1539

• Brassicanus, Johann Ludwig

  Younger brother of Johann Alexander, went to Vienna with his brother in 1524 and likewise won distinction both as a philologist and jurist

• Braulio, Saint

  Bishop of Saragossa, hagiographer, friend of St. Isidore of Seville. St. Braulio died in about 651

• Braun, Placidus

  Bavarian historian (1756-1829)

• Braunschweig

  A duchy situated in the mountainous central part of Northern Germany, comprising the region of the Harz mountains

• Bravo, Francisco

  As far as known, author of the first book on medicine printed in America

• Brazil

  Information includes history, religion, climate, education, and economy

• Bread, Liturgical Use of

  In the Christian liturgy bread is used principally as one of the elements of the Eucharistic sacrifice

• Breast, Striking of the

  A liturgical act prescribed in the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass

• Brébeuf, Jean de

  Biographical article on the Jesuit missionary and martyr

• Breda

  Diocese situated in the Dutch province of Brabant and suffragan of Utrecht

• Bréhal, Jean

  French Dominican theologian of the convent of Evreux; died c. 1479

• Brehon Laws, The

  Term for Irish native law, as administered in Ireland down to almost the middle of the seventeenth century

• Bremen

  Formerly the seat of an archdiocese situated in the northwestern part of the present German Empire

• Brenach, Saint

  Fifth-century Irish missionary to Wales and a contemporary of St. Patrick

• Brenan, Michael John

  Irish Church historian (1780-1847)

• Brendan, Saint

  Article on St. Brendan of Ardfert and Clonfert, also known as Brendan the Voyager. Monastic founder, d. 577. About half of the article is devoted to St. Brendan's famous voyage

• Brentano, Klemens Maria

  German poet (1778-1842)

• Brescia

  The Diocese takes its name from the principal city in the province of the same name in Lombardy, between the Mella and the Naviglio

• Breslau

  Prince-Bishopric seated at Breslau, on the River Oder in the Prussian Province of Silesia

• Bressani, Francesco Giuseppe

  Italian missionary to the Indians (1612-1672)

• Brest, Union of

  1596. The union of the Ruthenians with Catholicism

• Brethren of the Lord, The

  A group of persons closely connected with the Saviour appears repeatedly in the New Testament under the designation 'his brethren' or 'the brethren of the Lord'

• Breton, Raymond

  French missionary among the Caribbean Indians (1609-1679)

• Bretton, Venerable John

  Also called John Bretton. Short biography of the layman and martyr

• Breviary

  Evolution of the book, or set of books, containing the texts and rubrics of the canonical hours

• Breviary, Aberdeen

  Described as the Sarum Office in a Scottish form

• Breviary, Reform of the Roman

  Article on the 1911-1913 revamping of the breviary so as to allow recitation of all of the Psalter each week. Feasts were also ranked according to liturgical importance, and some offices were no longer obligatory or were even suppressed

• Brewer, Heinrich

  German historian, born at Puffendorf in Germany, 6 September, 1640; died at the same place about 1713

• Briand, Joseph Olivier

  Seventh Bishop of Quebec, b. in 1715 at Plerin, Brittany; d. 25 June, 1794

• Bribery

  The payment or the promise of money or other lucrative consideration to induce another, while under the obligation of acting without any view to private emolument, to act as the briber shall prescribe

• Briçonnet

  Includes three people with this name

• Bridaine, Jacques

  Preacher, b. at Chusclan, France, 21 March, 1701; d. at Roquemaure, 22 December, 1767

• Bridge-Building Brotherhood, The

  During the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, various religious associations were founded for the purpose of building bridges

• Bridget of Sweden, Saint

  Biography of the mother of 8, widow, visionary, founder of the Brigittines

• Bridgett, Thomas Edward

  Priest and author (1829-1899)

• Bridgewater, John

  Known also as Aquapontanus, historian of the Catholic confessors under Queen Elizabeth, born in Yorkshire about 1532; died probably at Trier, about 1596

• Bridgewater Treatises

  These publications derive their origin and their title from the Rev. Francis Henry Egerton, eighth and last Earl of Bridgewater

• Briefs and Bulls

  A bulla was originally a circular plate or boss of metal, so called from its resemblance in form to a bubble floating upon water

• Brieuc, Saint

  Celtic monk and priest, companion of St. Iltud. Brieuc died in about 502

• Brigidines, Institute of the

  Established by Most Rev. Dr. Delaney, Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin, at Tullow, Co. Carlow, Ireland, in 1807

• Brigid of Ireland, Saint

  Biography. Monastic founder, abbess of a double monastery, friend of St. Patrick. St. Brigid died in 525

• Brigittines

  Founded in 1346 by St. Brigit, or Bridget, of Sweden at Vadstena in the Diocese of Linkoeping

• Brignon, John

  Member of the Society of Jesus. Born at St. Malo in 1629; died at Paris, 12 June, 1712

• Brillmacher, Peter Michael

  Born at Cologne in 1542, died at Mainz, 25 August, 1595

• Bril, Paulus

  Flemish painter and engraver, born at Antwerp, 1556; died in Rome, 7 October, 1626

• Brindholm, Ven. Edmund

  Martyr and parish priest of Our Lady's Church at Calais, accused of being concerned in a plot to betray Calais to the French

• Brindisi

  Called by the Romans Brundusium or Brundisium, by the Greeks Brentesion, a city of in the province of Lecce, in Apulia, on a rocky peninsula which extends into the Adriatic

• Brinkley, Stephen

  Confessor of the Faith, imprisoned and tortured as manager of a secret press for the publication of devotional and controversial works in the reign of Queen Elizabeth

• Brisacier, Jacques-Charles de

  Orator and ecclesiastical writer, b. at Bourges in 1641, d. at Paris, 23 March, 1736

• Brisacier, Jean de

  Controversialist, b. at Blois, France, 9 June, 1592; entered the Society of Jesus in 1619, d. at Blois, 10 September, 1668

• Brisbane

  Provides history and religious statistics

• Brischar, Johann Nepomucene

  Church historian, born at Horb in Wuertemberg in 1819, studied theology at the University of Tübingen, was appointed parish priest of Buhl near Rottenburg in 1853, where he died in 1897

• Bristol, Ancient Diocese of

  This English diocese, which takes its very origin from measures directed against the Church, has a very brief Catholic history, for it only had one bishop acknowledged by the Holy See

• Bristow, Richard

  Born at Worcester, 1538, died at Harrow-on the-Hill, 1581

• British Columbia

  The westernmost province of the Dominion of Canada

• Britius, Francis

  An orientalist, and a monk of Rennes in Brittany; date of birth and death unknown

• Brittain, Thomas Lewis

  Born near Chester, England, 1744; died at Hartpury Court, 1827

• Britto, Blessed John de

  Portuguese Jesuit missionary to India, martyr, d. 1693

• Brixen

  Includes history and statistics

• Brogan, Saint

  Article discusses several saints of this name

• Broglie, Auguste-Théodore-Paul de

  Abbe, professor of apologetics at the Institut Catholique at Paris, and writer on apologetic subjects (1834-1895)

• Broglie, Jacques-Victor-Albert, Duc de

  French statesman and historian (1821-1901)

• Broglie, Maurice-Jean de

  Born in Paris, 5 September, 1766; d. there, 20 June, 1821

• Brogny, Jean-Allarmet de

  French Cardinal (1342-1426)

• Bromyard, John

  Theologian, d. about 1390

• Brondel, John Baptist

  First Bishop of Helena, Montana, U.S.A (1842-1903)

• Brookby, Anthony

  Friar Minor and English martyr, died 19 July 1537

• Brookes, James

  Last Catholic Bishop of Gloucester, England (1512-1560)

• Brooklyn

  Comprises the counties of Kings, Queens, Nassau, and Suffolk, or all of Long Island, in the State of New York, U.S.A

• Brosse, Jean-Baptiste de la

  A Jesuit missionary, born 1724 at Magnac, Angoumois, France; died 1782

• Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of God

  The founder of this religious institution, was born 8 March, 1495, at Montemor Novo, in Portugal

• Broughton, Richard

  Catholic priest and antiquary, claiming descent from the Broughtons of Lancashire

• Brouwer, Christoph

  Historian (1559-1617)

• Browne, Charles Farrar

  Humorist, b. at Waterford, Oxford County, Maine, U.S.A., 26 April, 1834; d. in Southampton, England, 6 March, 1867

• Brownson, Orestes Augustus

  Philosopher, essayist, reviewer, b. at Stockbridge, Vermont, U.S.A., 16 September, 1803; d. at Detroit, Michigan, 17 April, 1876

• Brownson, Sarah

  Writer, daughter of Orestes A. Brownson, b. at Chelsea, Massachusetts, 7 June, 1839; married William J. Tenney, 26 November, 1873; died at Elizabeth, 30 October, 1876

• Brownsville

  Vicariate Apostolic, erected 1874

• Brown, William

  A naval officer of the Republic of Argentina (1777-1857)

• Brück, Heinrich

  Ecclesiastical historian and bishop, born at Bingen, 25 October, 1831; died 4 November, 1903

• Bruel, Joachim

  A theologian and historian, born early in the seventeenth century at Vorst, a village of the province of Brabant, Belgium, died 29 June, 1653

• Brueys, David-Augustin de

  French theologian and dramatic author, born at Aix in 1640; died 25 November, 1723, at Montpellier

• Brugère, Louis-Frédéric

  Professor of apologetics and church history, born at Orleans (1823-1888)

• Bruges

  The chief town of the Province of West Flanders in the Kingdom of Belgium

• Brugière, Pierre

  A French priest, Jansenist, and juror (1730-1803)

• Brugman, John

  A renowned Franciscan preacher of the fifteenth century

• Brumidi, Constantino

  An Italian-American historical painter, celebrated for his fresco work in the Capitol at Washington (1805-1880)

• Brumoy, Pierre

  French Jesuit humanist (1704-1742)

• Brunellesco, Filippo

  An architect and sculptor, born at Florence, 1377; died there 16 April, 1446

• Brunetière, Ferdinand

  French critic and professor, born at Toulon, 19 July, 1849; died at Paris, 9 December, 1906

• Brunforte, Ugolino

  Friar Minor and chronicler, born c. 1262; died c. 1348

• Bruni, Leonardo

  Article by Edmund Burke, summarizing the humanist's life and career

• Brünn

  Suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Olmutz, embracing the south-western part of Moravia

• Brunner, Francis de Sales

  Founder of the Swiss-American congregation of the Benedictines (1795-1859)

• Brunner, Sebastian

  A versatile and voluminous writer (1814-1893)

• Bruno, Giordano

  Italian philosopher (1548-1600)

• Bruno of Querfurt, Saint

  Courtier, monk, missionary archbishop, hagiographer, martyr. Called the Second Apostle of the Prussians

• Bruno, Saint

  Bishop of Segni, reformer, Benedictine abbot, author of commentaries on Scripture, d. 1123

• Bruno, Saint

  Biographical article on the founder of the Carthusians

• Bruno the Saxon

  German chronicler of the eleventh century and author of the 'Historia de Bello Saxonico'

• Brusa

  A titular see of Bithynia in Asia Minor

• Brus, Anton

  Archbishop of Prague (1518-1580)

• Brussels

  Capital of the Kingdom of Belgium

• Bruté de Rémur, Simon William Gabriel

  First Bishop of Vincennes, Indiana, (now Indianapolis) (1779-1839)

• Bruyas, Jacques

  French missionary to the Iroquois (1635-1712)

• Bryant, John Delavau

  Physician, poet, author, and editor (1811-1877)

• Bubastis

  A titular see of Lower Egypt

• Bucelin, Gabriel

  Benedictine historical writer (1599-1681)

• Bucer, Martin

  One of the leaders in the South German Reformation movement (1491-1551)

• Bucharest

  Comprises the Kingdom of Rumania

• Buckfast Abbey

  Foundation date unknown, but long before the Norman Conquest

• Buckley, Sir Patrick Alphonsus

  Irish soldier, lawyer, statesman, and judge (1841-1896)

• Buckley, Venerable John

  Alias John Jones. Welsh Franciscan priest, martyred at Tyburn in 1598

• Buck, Victor De

  Bollandist (1817-1876)

• Buddhism

  The religious, monastic system, founded c. 500 B.C. on the basis of pantheistic Brahminism

• Budé, Guillaume

  Article by M. de Moreira, reviewing the key points of this thinker's career

• Budweis

  A diocese situated in Southern Bohemia, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Prague

• Buenos Aires

  The federal capital of the Argentine Republic

• Buffalo

  Diocese established 23 April, 1847 in the state of New York

• Buffier, Claude

  Philosopher and author (1661-1737)

• Buglio, Louis

  Jesuit missionary to China (1606-1682)

• Buil, Bernardo

  Spanish Franciscan

• Buildings, Ecclesiastical

  This term comprehends all constructions erected for the celebration of liturgical acts, whatever be the name given to them, church, chapel, oratory, and basilica

• Bulgaria

  A European kingdom in the northeastern part of the Balkan Peninsula

• Bulla Aurea

  A fundamental law of the Holy Roman Empire; probably the best known of all the many ordinances of the imperial diet

• Bullaker, Ven. Thomas

  Hagiography of the English Franciscan priest, martyred in 1642

• Bullarium

  A term commonly applied to a collection of bulls and other analogous papal documents

• Bull-Fight, The Spanish

  Includes details of three kinds of bull-fights: (1) caballerescas, (2) populares, and (3) gladiatorias

• Bullion, Angélique

  Born in Paris, at commencement of the seventeenth century. An unknown benefactress of several charities

• Bulstrode, Sir Richard

  A soldier, diplomatist, and author, born 1610; died 1711

• Bunderius, Joannes

  Flemish theologian and controversialist (1482-1557)

• Buonarroti, Michelangelo

  Italian sculptor, painter, and architect (1475-1564)

• Burchard of Basle

  Belonged to the family of the counts of Neuenburg, or Neuchatel, was born towards the middle of the eleventh century, and died 12 April, 1107

• Burchard of Worms

  Bishop of that see, born of noble parents in Hesse, Germany, after the middle of the tenth century; died 20 August, 1025

• Burchard of Würzurg, Saint

  First bishop of Wuerzburg, d. about 754

• Burckmair, Hans

  Painter of the Swabian school (1473-1531)

• Burgis, Edward Ambrose

  Dominican historian and theologian (1673-1747)

• Burgoa, Francisco

  Historical and geographical writer. Born at Oaxaca about 1600; d. at Teopozotlan in 1681

• Burgos

  Since the tenth century an episcopal see of Spain, to which in the eleventh century the ancient Sees of Oca and Valpuesta were transferred

• Burgundy

  In medieval times respectively a kingdom and a duchy, later a province of France

• Burial, Christian

  The interment of a deceased person with ecclesiastical rites in consecrated ground

• Buridan, Jean

  French scholastic philosopher of the fourteenth century, b. at Bethune, in the district of Atois towards the end of the thirteenth century; date of death unknown

• Burigny, Jean Lévesque de

  Historian, b. at Reims, 1692; d. at Paris, 1785

• Burkard, Franz

  The name of two celebrated German jurists

• Burke, Edmund

  First Vicar Apostolic of Nova Scotia (1753-1820)

• Burke, Thomas

  Bishop of Ossory, b. at Dublin, Ireland, about 1709; d. at Kilkenny, 25 September, 1776

• Burke, Thomas Nicholas

  Dominican orator (1830-1882)

• Burleigh, Walter

  Friar Minor and medieval philosopher, b. in 1275 and d. in 1337

• Burlington

  Diocese established 14 July, 1853; comprises the whole State of Vermont, U.S.A

• Burma

  Before its annexation by the British, Burma consisted of the kingdoms of Ava and Pegu

• Burnett, Peter Hardeman

  First American Governor of California (1807-1895)

• Burns, James

  Publisher and author (1808-1871)

• Burse

  A receptacle in which, for reasons of convenience xnd reverence, the folded corporal is carried to and from the altar

• Bursfeld, The Abbey of

  One of the most celebrated Benedictine monasteries in Germany in the Middle Ages. Founded in 1093 by Duke Henry of Nordheim and his wife Gertrude

• Bury St. Edmund's, The Abbey of

  The first religious foundation there was established by Sigebert, King of the East Angles, who resigned his crown to found a monastery about 537

• Busée, Pierre

  Jesuit theologian (1540-1587)

• Busembaum, Hermann

  Jesuit moral theologian (1600-1668)

• Busiris

  A titular see taking its title from one of the many Egyptian cities of the same name

• Buskins

  Ceremonial stockings of silk, sometimes interwoven with gold threads, and even heavily embroidered, worn by the celebrant of a pontifical Mass

• Buss, Franz Joseph, Ritter von

  Jurist, b. 23 March, 1803 at Zell in Baden; d. 31 January, 1878, at Freiburg im Breisgau

• Bustamante, Carlos María

  Mexican statesman and historian (1774-1848)

• Buston, Thomas Stephen

  Jesuit missionary and author (1549-1619)

• Bus, Venerable César de

  Priest, founder of two religious congregations dedicated to teaching Christian doctrine, died 1607

• Bute, John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, Third Marquess of

  Born at Mountstuart, Bute, 12 September, 1847; d. at Dumfries House, Ayrshire, 9 October, 1900

• Buteux, Jacques

  French Jesuit missionary in Canada (1600-1652)

• Butler, Alban

  Seventeenth-century English Catholic

• Butler, Charles

  English lawyer (1750-1832)

• Butler, Mary Joseph

  Irish Abbess (1641-1723)

• Butler, Sir William Francis

  Irish general and writer (1838-1910)

• Buttress

  A pilaster, pier, or body of masonry projecting beyond the main face of the wall and intended to strengthen the wall at particular points

• Buxton, Ven. Chrisopher

  Priest who was martyred at Canterbury in 1588, together with Robert Wilcox and Edward Campion

• Byblos

  Titular see of Phoenicia

• Bye-Altar

  An altar that is subordinate to the central or high altar

• Byllis

  Titular see of Albania

• Byrd, William

  Article examining life, sacred and secular music, and related composers

• Byrne, Andrew

  Bishop of Little Rock, Arkansas (1802-1862)

• Byrne, Richard

  U.S. Civil War hero (1832-1864)

• Byrne, William

  Missionary and educator (1780-1833)

• Byzantine Architecture

  A mixed style, i.e. a style composed of Graeco-Roman and Oriental elements which, in earlier centuries, cannot be clearly separated

• Byzantine Art

  The art of the Eastern Roman Empire and of its capital Byzantium, or Constantinople

• Byzantine Empire, The

  Term employed to designate the Eastern survival of the ancient Roman Empire

• Byzantine Literature

  The four cultural elements included are the Greek, the Christian, the Roman, and the Oriental

• Byzantine Rite

  The Liturgies, Divine Office, forms for the administration of sacraments and for various blessings, sacramentals, and exorcisms, of the Church of Constantinople